Loanword

A loanword is a word taken into a tung from another with little or no oversetting. By contrast, a loan oversetting is a kin process whereby it is the meaning that is borrowed rather than the word itself. The word "loanword" is itself a loan oversetting of the German Lehnwort.

Although loanwords are most far less widespread than the homeborn words of most tungs (mixtungs being an obvious exception), they are often widely known and used, for their borrowing served a certain purpose, for example to give a name to a new invention.

Borrowing and Inheriting
As tungs grow, most times the bulk of the wordstock of a speech is inherited from its fore-eld speech, or ur-speech. Words that are inherited from the fore-eld speech, the "homeborn" words of the tung, are not thought to have been borrowed. Borrowing is when words are added to a speech from any speech other than the fore-eld tung or, on the other hand, when words from one tung are taken into another speech (as when oversetting).

Old English Loanword List
Old English was overwhelming Teutonish, unlike New English which is roughly two-thirds not Teutonish. The following is a list of some outland borrowings into Old English. Many of these words were to do with Christianity. Many of these words have either fallen out of use, or been taken over by another outland borrowing (such as "cabbage"). In some cases, the word was borrowed again at a later date and shoved out the earlier borrowing, for instance "Siccor"/"Secure" and "Cempa"/"Champion" to name but two. Some of these words were borrowed into the Elder Teutonish Tung before it split into the New Teutonish tungs such as English, German, Dutch and so forth. This means that some of these words have kinwords in the other Teutonish Tungs even though they are of outlandish wellspring.

Abbot Aele "'Oil' borrowed in 1175 Altar Anchor Apostle Bacon Belt Bin Box Butter Chalk Capellane "'Chaplain' borrowed in 1340" Clerk Cheese Culp (as in "culpability") "'fault' borrowed in 1280" Church Cat Copper Ceaster "Castle" Chancellor (but without the "h"; h form came in Middle English) Capon Caul/Cawel/Cole/Kale "'cabbage' borrowed in 1440" ("coleslaw") Calend "month" Cap Can (n) Candle Chest Cup Cook Caelic "'Chalice' borrowed in 12th Century" Cempa "'champion' borrowed in 1225" Cymbal Cheap Camp Crisp Devil Disciple Dish ('Disk' borrowed in 1664 from the same root) Down Drake Epistle Fenester "'window' borrowed in 1225" Fers "'Verse' borrowed around 1050" Fever Fiddle "'violin' borrowed in 1579" Fork Gem Gigant (as in "gigantic") Harp Hemp Imp Inch Iron Kettle Kitchen Lily Line Linen Mantle Mass Mile Mill Minster Mint (money) Monk Mule Noon Nun Offer (n) Organ Overproud "'haughty' borrowed in 1530" Oxymel Palm (tree) Pan Paralysis Parsley Proud Plant Pin Punt (boat) Pit Pound Pipe Plum Passion Patriarch Pea (hen, fowl, cock) Pea Peel Pense Pepper Pillow Pot Pine Pole Privilege Rose Sack Scot School Scuttle (n) Serve Shambles Shrive Sickle Sicor/Sicker "'Secure' borrowed in 1553" Sock Spend Sponge Stop ('Stuff' borrowed in 1330 from the same root) Street Table Tile Toll Tower Town Wall War Westen "'Waste' borrowed in 1200" Wine Ynce "'Ounce' borrowed in 1330" (Ynce also later became 'Inch')