anStaff A of the English Wordbook.
Basic abbreviations:
- OE = Old English
- ME = Middle English
- SC = Scots
- WF = West Frish
- NF = North Frish
- SF = Saterlandish Frish
- WLG = West Low Theech
- ELG = East Low Theech
- NL = Netherlandish
- NHG = New High Theech
- IC = Icelandish
- HIC = High Icelandish
- NO = Nornish
- SW = Swedish
- DN = Danish
- MLG = Middle Low Theech
- MNL = Middle Netherlandish
- MHG = Middle High Theech
- OF = Old Frish
- OS = Old Saxish
- OHG = Old High Theech
- ON = Old Norse
- GO = Gottish
- PWG = Or-West-Theedish
- PG = Or-Theedish
For a full list of etymological and other abbreviations used in these wordlists, see: Offshortenings.
Modern English Words | Word Class |
Anglish (Cleansed English) Proposals | ||
Attested in Modern English | Unattested in Modern English | |||
aardvark | n | ant bear earthswine earthfarrow | ||
abandon | vb |
forsake forleave forlese [past -lore, ppt -lorn] |
forlet/forlate (<Norwegian forlatt) of-give up-give | |
abandon | n | wantonness recklessness | ||
abase | vb | bemean grovel lower shame |
anethry (Calque of NHG erniedrigen) fornether (Calque of Du. vernederen) | |
abash | vb | (a)shame | ||
abate | vb | lessen ebb wane | ||
abattoir | n | slaughterhouse | ||
abbess | n | overmother | ||
abbot | n | overfather | ||
abbreviate | vb | shorten foreshorten | ||
abbreviation | n | shortening foreshortening | ||
abdicate | vb | forswear | ||
abdomen | n | riff belly | ||
abduct | vb | kidnap steal |
steal away neednim | |
aberrant | n | black-sheep swerving wanderer wayward kin | ||
aberration | n | freak swerving wandering | ||
abet | vb | help goad spur hearten bolden |
frofer bield | |
abhor | vb | hate loathe mislike | ||
ability | n |
skill knack | ||
abject | adj | mean wretched |
hean(OE hean) neadly | |
abjure | vb | forswear swear off |
of-swear afterquethe | |
ablactate | vb | wean | ||
ablative | n | away namefall | ||
ablaut | n | offloud | offlide | |
able | adj | mighty doughty likely fit skillful | ||
-able | suffix |
-bere (Cf. OE -bære, NHG -bar) -endly/-ingly (<OE -(i)endlic) -worth (<OE -wierþe) | ||
able to had been |
phrase |
could have might have dought have | ||
able to is |
vb |
can may dow |
is mighty for/to is up to is like to | |
able to was |
phrase |
could might dought | ||
ablution | n | washing bathing cleansing | ||
abnegate | vb | forgo forswear | ||
abnormal | adj | odd amiss outlandish wrong unwell | ||
abolish | vb | do away with fordo get rid of rid throw off throw out | ||
abolition | n | fordoing fornoughting (Cf. NHG Vernichtung) | ||
abominable | n | evil foul hateful loathsome nasty rotten (fig.) sickening unholy unspeakable wargedly(OE) worgedly wargly | ||
aboriginal | adj | erd-folkish first-folkish inborn of-ginning forebiding | ||
aborigine | n | erd-folk first-folk orfolk | ||
abort | vb | break off call off end scrap fordo |
awaywarp(OE) forbirth | |
abortion | n | scrapping |
wightbloom-scrap forbirthing awaywarpness(OE) | |
abound | vb | of-ythe(from OE cognate of latin "undus"; found in WNID2e) overflow | ||
abrasion | n | offgrinding offrubbing offscraping offsloughing | ||
abridge | vb | foreshorten cut |
littlen(OE) | |
abrupt | adj | sharp stark sudden | ||
abscess | n | gatheredness(OE gegaderednes) | ||
abscond | vb | sneak away nim sth. (away/ off) | ||
absence | n | dearth lack want |
of-being offwardness(OE) | |
absent | adj | missing not here/there |
of-being offward(OE) | |
absent-mindedness | n | daydreaming flighty thoughtless unheeding unmindful woolgathering | ||
absinth(e)1 | n | wormwood | bitter weed | |
absinth(e) (the liquor) | n | wormwine | ||
absolute | adj | outright utter full rank | ||
absolutely | adv | fully wholly | ||
absorb | vb | soak up swallow drink take in take up |
bedrink(OE bedrincan) up-soak forsoak | |
abstain | vb | forbear withhold | ||
abstain (from) | vb | forbear forgo give up quit spurn hold off on | ||
abstinence | n | forbearness, forhaveness(OE forhæfnes) | ||
abstract | vb | withdraw take from pull out | ||
abstract | n | withdrawal outline |
outpulling short overlook outdraught offdrawal (abstraction) | |
abundance | n | fullsomeness(OE fulsumnes) | ||
abundant | adj | teeming swarming overflowing fulsome rife fat thick awash |
of-ything | |
abuse | vb | belittle harm do so. harm curse mishandle scathe taw wrong do so. wrong |
misbrook | |
abysmal | adj | hellish hopeless unfathomly unfathomsome wanhopeful |
nethly | |
abyss | n | hell hole depth</fong> ground netherworld | ||
acacia | n | thornbloom hookthorn | ||
academia | n | learneddom, lorework loredom the learned | ||
academic | adj | moot lettered |
lorewise | |
academic | n | learned, lorester loreman letterman | ||
accelerate | vb | speed up, speed quicken swiften | ||
accept | vb | brook take thole choose nim hold with settle on take on |
ontake onfang (<OE onfon) | |
acceptable | adj | lovewont loveweened likeworthy takeworthy welcome choiceworthy | ||
access | n | ingoing ingang togang atgang atgo | ||
accessible | adj | to-goly yea-fere | ||
accident | n | mishappenning | ||
accompany | vb | beglide (Calque of NHG begleiten) yea-fereshipen yea-feren | ||
accompanyment | n | yea-fereship | ||
accomplish | vb phr | bring about | ||
accord | n | meeting of minds | ||
accordeon | n | bellowharp | ||
according to | adj | by | ||
account | n | ledger ledgerbook reckoning tale telling writ rede |
umbe(on account of) | |
account of give |
vb | set forth | ||
accountant | n | bookkeeper teller | ||
accumulate | vb | at-flow build up (intransitive) | ||
accurate | adj | near straight aright clean right on |
narrowchiry (Calque of Du. nauwkeurig "narrow+choice(chire)+y") | |
accusative (case) | adj | wrayingly (<OE wregendlic) tholefall (cf. Icelandic "þolfall") | ||
accuse | vb | guilt wray atwite | ||
accuse falsely |
vb | forwray (<OE forwregan) | ||
accustom | vb | wean, wean on, wean to | ||
accustomed | adj | wont | ||
acetone | n | sourghost | ||
acid | n | sourwater firewater burnwater | ||
acne | n | coppernose | ||
aconite | n | wolfsbane(nb. att'd) | ||
acquaint | vb | befriend ken con meet kith |
bekith | |
acquiesce | vb | cool bow |
thave | |
acquire | vb | get gain earn |
yea-own(OE) | |
acquisition | n | gaining |
take over (unexpected): windfall | |
acrobat | n | stringtumb | ||
acropolis | n | Highburg | ||
across | adv | thwarse athwart thweer over | ||
act | n | deed work play | ||
act | v | do work | ||
action | n | deed doing work | ||
active | adj | snell deedy | ||
actor | n | showplayer | ||
actress | n | showplayster | ||
actual | adj | true | ||
actually | adv | indeed truly forsooth soothly |
workly wittedly(OE) deedly in truth as it happens | |
acupuncture | n | pinpricking pinprick healing nailhealing | ||
acute | adj | sharp shrill (accent) keen honed breme cunning short quick | ||
A.D. | adv | Y.L. | ||
ad infinitum | adv | forevermore | at eke ekely for eke | |
Adam's apple | n | throat boll | ||
adapter | n | joinfiter | ||
add | vb | eke | raise by reckon up put on tack on at-eke(OE) | |
add up | vb | cast up | ||
addiction | n | craving yearning | ||
additionally | adv | furthermore moreover |
what is more over and above at-ekely ekely eke(also) | |
address | vb | call name clip hote bespeak speak to |
at-speak bequethe | |
address | n | dwellstead | ||
add up | vb | reckon | ||
adept | adj | skillful | ||
adequate | adj | enough fit likely befitting |
good enough fit enough | |
adhere | vb | cling stick cleave hold bond |
at-cleave (OE) | |
adherence to good morals | n | thewfastness | ||
adherent | n | believer follower |
clinger liefard | |
adiposis | n | overweight | ||
adjacent | adj | near next | ||
adjective | n | honeword, ownshipword | ||
adjust | vb | set fitten tweak key to | ||
administer | vb | forwield (Cf. NHG verwalten) | ||
administration | n | handle wield | ||
administrator | n | handler wielder | ||
admiral | n | fleetmaster fleetleader | ||
admire | vb | bewonder | at-wonder at-look | |
admission | n | infare(entrance) kenning(acknowledgement) | ||
admit | vb | acknowledge let |
give to (separable; akin to german zugeben e.g.: I finally gave to that he was right) yea-thave let in inbring inlet | |
admonish | vb | warn ware teach learn |
tell off mani (OE manian) | |
adolescence | n | youthhood(OE geoguþhad ) | ||
adolescent | n | youth halfling younker frumbierding youngling youngster youngun | ||
adopt | vb | nim foster |
yea-kin take on take up | |
adoption | n | niming fostering |
uptake taking on yea-kinning | |
adorable | adj | lovely | ||
adorn | vb | bedeck bedight yare trim | ||
adrenaline | n | bykidney workstuff | ||
adulation | n | flaundering glavering | ||
adult | n | grown-up man woman |
fullwaxener | |
adultery | n | whoredom | wedlock breach breach of wedlock lawbreach | |
advance | vb | further go forward put forward |
aforth | |
advance | n | inroads | ||
advance in |
adj | beforehand | ||
advancing | adj | on the make | ||
advantage | n | gain boot good behoof behoovefulness |
upside furthersomth | |
advantageous | adj | gainful furthersome helpful boot behooveful |
behoofsome | |
advent | n | coming | ||
adventure | n | undertaking | ||
adverb | n | likeword thewword | ||
adversary | n | withersaker(OE wiþersaca) | ||
adversity | n | <gont color=blue>hardship hurdle pitfall worry thwartsomeness hardhap | ||
adversive | n | thwartsome | ||
advertize | vb | play up | ||
advice | n | rede (OE raedan) warning input lore teaching learning |
bethought | |
advise | vb | rad warn steer help hint learn teach clew |
yea-bethought | |
advocacy | n | forspeech(OE forspæc) | ||
advocate | n | forspeaker, midspeaker | ||
advocated | ppt | forespoken (OE foresprecan) | ||
aerial | adj | liften (<OE lyften) | ||
aerodynamic | adj | streamlined | wind deft windfit loftlithe | |
aerodynamics | n | liftcraft (Calque of the Greek) | ||
affair | n | doing sake | ||
affection | n | fondness love lovesomeness | ||
affectionate | adj | fond friendly loving lovesome warm-hearted | ||
affinity | n | forwanting | ||
affirmative | adv | aye yes yea so yeah yep |
Yes-some Yes-ly Yes-ish ayesome | |
affix | n | wordfastning | ||
afflict | vb | ail smite dretch swink swinge | ||
affluence | n | wealth weal riches fat | ||
affluent | adj | wealthy well-to-do well-off rich fat | ||
afraid | adj | frightened scared afeared unfrithed(afraid being from frankish afray(n.) meaning unfrith) | ||
Africa | n | sunnygreatland Birthland | ||
age | n | oldness years time eld |
eldth | |
age | vb | eld olden |
forold | |
age (era) | n | eld time day tide older eew timestretch yorestretch | ||
aged | adj | elderly olden forold yore |
yoren elt old forolded oldened | |
agenda | n | todolist | ||
agglomerate | vb | clodden | ||
agglutinate | vb | wordlink | ||
aggressive | adj | threatening fighty | ||
aggressor | n | scather | ||
agile | adj | nimble limber lithe lithesome yare light-footed |
lithecrafty light | |
agility | n | nimbleness limberness lithesomeness light-footedness |
lithecraftiness lightness | |
agitate | vb | key up | ||
agitated | adj | keyed-up | ||
agitation | n | worry | mindfret, fret of mind, ything, seething, churning | |
agoraphobia | n | steadfear | ||
agree | vb | thware (<OE þwǽrian) thave (<OE þafian) settle on hold with *stimm to | ||
agreement | n | meeting of minds | ||
agriculture | n | fieldlore croplore farming (Note: farm is ultimately of Latin origin) | ||
aid | n | help |
filst (<OE fylst) atstall (<OE ætstæl) fultum (<OE fultum) byhelp (Cf. NHG Beihilfe) |
|
aid | vb |
help
|
filst (<OE fylstan) andfilst (<OE andfylstan) full out frofer |
|
AIDS | n | Earned Bodyweir Scantness Sickness | ||
aim | n | goal mark |
ettle | |
aim at | vb | get a bead on draw a bead on | ||
air | n |
loft (Norse)
|
lift (<OE lyft)
| |
air force | n | loft-might sky might loft-weapon loft-weir | ||
airplane | n | loftcraft | ||
airport | n | skydock | ||
aisle | n | gangway | ||
alarm clock | n | wakerclock wire-waker wirerooster lilter uprouser uprearer | ||
alas | interj | alack woe welaway lackaday | ||
albino | n | whiteling | ||
album | n | whitebook | ||
albumen | n | egg white egg lime | ||
alcohol | n | booze | firewater wineghost | |
alcoholic | adj | boozen | ||
alcoholic | n | sot drunkard |
malt-worm | |
alert | adj | gleg | ||
alien | adj | unearthly outlandish fremd |
wayward born altheodish farlandish fremmed fremmd frimmed frimm from abroad from overseas from afar | |
alienate | vb | unkithen fremd | ||
alkali | n | lyestuff | ||
allegory | n | forlikening | ||
allergy | n | overfeeling | ||
alleviate | vb | allay lighten |
alay | |
alliance | n | bond tie | ||
allied | adj | forwentshiply (Calque of NHG verwandtschaftlich) | ||
alligator | n | dread athex | ||
alliteration | n | staverime | ||
allocate | vb | earmark let |
fordeal | |
allotment | n | fordealing | ||
allow | vb | let leave | ||
allowable | adj | leavely leavesome letsome | ||
alloy | n | mastling | ||
allude | vb | anenten | ||
allure | vb | beswike toll on |
bewitch lead on draw to | |
almanac | n | yearbook | ||
alphabet | n | abecede(OE word for alphabet) staffhoard staffrow staverow |
starrof (stæfrōf) | |
alphabet runic |
n | futhorc(English) futhark(Norsk) | ||
altar | n |
offerboard (Note: "offer" is of Latin origin)
| ||
alter | vb | frother (Cf. NHG verändern) | ||
altercation | n | fight brangling tangle snarl |
dust-up | |
alternative | adj | other | ||
altitude | n | aloftness(aloft means above the ground) | ||
altruism | n | selflessness | ||
altruistic | adj | selfless unselfish | ||
amaranthus caudatus | n | love-lies-bleeding | ||
amass | vb | gather heap build up |
mill | |
amateur | n | lover of | ||
amazed | adj | aghast | ||
amazing | adj | awesome cool (colloquial) |
geason | |
ambassador | n | rikesboder | ||
amber | n | burnstone glarestone | ||
ambidextrous | vb | twihanded umbecrafty umbehandy both-handy umberight | ||
ambiguous | adj | twowordy(OE twiwyrdig) | ||
ambience | n | mood feeling | ||
ambivalence | n | waver | ||
ambulance | n | sickwagon | ||
ameliorate | vb | better | eather | |
amen | interj | soothly | yelayay | |
America | n | New World |
Markland (<OE mearcland "borderland," cognate to ON markland, the name given by Leif Eriksson to a Labrador shoreline; the element 'mark' incidentally shares the same three consonant sounds as 'America;' that is, M-R-C/K) Amerigoland Westlands Americksland Wineland (<Old Norse Vinland) Meadowland (<Old Norse Vinland) Westland | |
amicable | adj | friendly | ||
ammonia | n | hartshorn |
water of hartshorn | |
amnesia | n | blackout | thoughtloss | |
amoeba | n | shapeshifters slimewightlet | ||
amorphous | adj | shapeless | ||
amount | n |
muchness deal lot | ||
amount to | vb | come to | ||
amphibian | n | shorewight | ||
amphitheater | n | playstow umbewitstow | ||
amplifier | n | forstronger | ||
amplitude | n | slingwidth | ||
amputate | n | cut | ||
amusement | n | fun | ||
amusing | adj | funny | ||
anaconda | n | whipsnake | ||
anaesthetic | n | dwale | ||
anagram | n | stavewrixel | ||
anal | adj | arse bottom |
arsely | |
analgesic | n | painlessener (Note: 'pain' is of Latin and ultimately Greek origin) | ||
analyze | vb | check | ||
anarchism | n | (politically charged) freedom | ||
anarchist | adj | (politically charged) freedomish | ||
anarchist | n | (politically charged) freedomer | ||
anarchy | n |
lawlessness rikelessness freeness |
(chaos) dwolm [pl dwolmen] (<OE dwolma) rikelacking | |
anastomosis (anatomy) | n | shunt | ||
anathema | n | accursed thing | ||
anatomy | n | bodylore | ||
ancestor | n | forebear forefather forerunner elder |
foremother | |
ancestry | n | strain bloodties house seed | ||
ancient | adj | olden fern yore eldern |
farback long ago of old forold | |
andiron | n | firegoat | ||
anemone | n | windrose | ||
angel | n | errand-ghost (OE ærendgást) | ||
anger (Norse) | n | foam, hackle | ||
angle | n | nook, nookspan, nookwidth | ||
anglicization | n | englishing | ||
anglicize | vb | english | ||
Anglish | n/adj | English (or Inglish) the national language of England/ Inglelond | ||
Anglish | n/adj | anglicized spelling of the Zeaxysch name for English i.e. Anglysch | ||
Anglonic/AngloUS | n/adj | Modern (international) English | ||
Anglo-Saxon | n | Old English | ||
Anglo-Saxon runes | n | Old English Futhorc Old English Fuþorc | ||
Anglosphere the |
n | English (speaking) world the | ||
AngloUS/Anglonic | n/adj | Modern (international) English | ||
angry (Norse) | adj | wrathy wild | ||
angular | adj | nook-shotten | ||
anguish | n | headhell wrath | ||
animal | n | deer wight wilder | ||
animate | vb | enliven/inliven quicken liven |
beliven besoul (Cf. NHG beseelen Du. bezielen) | |
animosity | n | hatred hate | ||
annelid | n | ringworm | ||
annihilate | vb | fornought (Calque of NHG vernichten) benothingen wipe out | ||
annihilation | n | fornoughting (Cf. NHG Vernichtung) | ||
anniversary | n | yeartide | ||
anno Domini | adv | in the year of our lord | ||
announce | vb | ban bode bid kithe | ||
annoy | vb | irk nettle | ||
annual | adj | yearly | ||
annual | n | yearbook | ||
annul | vb | fordo | ||
anoint | v | anele | ||
anonym | adj | nameless | ||
anorexia | n | fastlust | ||
antagonist | n | fiend foe |
gainstander | |
antarctic | n | southpole | ||
Antarctica | n | witherbearland South Pole South Worldstem | ||
antecedence | n | here-to-fore the foregoing beforemath | ||
antediluvian | adj | foreflood | ||
anterior | adj | fore foremost | ||
anterior | n | fore foreside | ||
anthology | n | blossoms | ||
anthropology | n | manlore | ||
anticipate | vb | foresee foretaste |
forecome followfeel | |
anticlockwise | adj & adv | withershins widdershins |
gainclockwise | |
antidote | n | gainatter | ||
antigen | n | offweirstuff | ||
antilope | n | bloomgoat | ||
antimatter | n | gainstuff unbeing unstuff | ||
antipathy | n | mislike | ||
antipathy | n | mislike | ||
antiquated | adj | overheld timestruck | ||
antiquity | n | oldness elderliness olden-times eldness |
oldendom eldern eldtime afern | |
antirrhinum | n | snapdragon | ||
antisemitism | n | jewhate | ||
antiseptic | adj | gainrot | ||
anti-statism | n |
elderdomthweerness (OE ealdordóm "government, authority + OE þwéornes "opposition") leedwardwither (OE léodweard "government" + OE wiðre "opposition") leedwardwitherredeness (OE léodweard "government" + OE wiðerrǽdnes "opposition") | ||
anti-statist | adj | leedwardwitherquethle (OE léodweard "government" + OE wiðercwedol "opposing") | ||
anti-statist | n | leedwardwitherling (OE léodweard "government" + OE wiðerling "opponent") | ||
antitoxin | n | gainatter | ||
antler | n | eyesprout branchhorn | ||
antonym | n | gainname | ||
anulus | n | ring | ||
anus | n | asshole | assgang (OE) outgang (OE) settle (OE) | |
anxiety | n | angness angens angs worry angst fear | ||
aorta | n | lofty heartpipe | ||
apart | adj | sundered not together | ||
apart | adv | asunder aside away | ||
apartment | n | flat room by-room | ||
apathetic | adj | uncaring | ||
aperture | n | opening breech | ||
apex | n | peakpoint | ||
aphid | n | greenfly blackfly |
wortlice (Cf. "plant lice") | |
aphrodisiac | n |
lovedrink (NHG Liebestrank, Du. 'liefdesdrank') lustwaker |
||
apitoxin | n | beebane | ||
apogee | n | highpoint | ||
apologize | vb | say sorry answer | ||
apology | n | answer sorrowsaying besaying (defend) words of rue rueword (regret) | ||
apostle | n | liefcarrier | ||
apparel | n | clothes wear threads weed |
glad rags donnings step-outs | |
apparent | adj | seeming | ||
apparently | adv & phr | seemingly |
at first sight in name only on the outside openly outwardly to the eye staringly truthlessly | |
appeal | vb | call call upon |
ask beckon | |
appealing | adj | winsomeness fair | ||
appear | vb |
become tread up
| ||
appear | v |
atew | ||
appearance | n |
outsee look | ||
appease | vb | allay | ||
appellation | n | name | ||
appendage | n | outgrowth | ||
appendix | n | (organ) blindgut blindtharm (Cf. NHG Blinddarm); (bit of book) tack-on onhang (Cf. NHG Anhang) | ||
appetite | n | craving | ||
application | n | bearing | ||
apply | vb | betake lay on (job) onseek for | ||
appoint | vb | fix fit fix time |
set up set aside earmark settle turn out deem ( leader head etc.) onmake through name | |
apprehension | n | dread foreboding misgiving fear | ||
approach | v | near, draw near, go up to so |
atgang [atgeng, atgangen] (<OE ætgangan) atstep (<OE ætsteppan) | |
approaching | adj | forthcoming coming upcoming oncoming nearing |
nighlocking nighledging | |
appropriate | adj | fitting seemly meet | ||
appropriate (be) | vb | befit beseem behoove behave | ||
approximate | adj | rough near nearby handy | ||
approximately | adv | about roughly nearly nigh loosely | ||
April | n | Eastermonth | ||
apron | n | barmcloth | ||
apt | adj | fit toward | ||
aquaculture | n | fish-farming | ||
aquaduct | n | waterlining | ||
aqualung | n | waterlung | ||
aquamarine | adj | seagreen | ||
aquarium | n | fishtank | fishhouse | |
aquatic | adj | waterly (<OE wæterlic) | ||
arable | adj | plowable | ||
arachnid | n | spinerwight | ||
arboreal | adj | treewise | ||
arbitrary | adj | willkeirly (derived from OE 'willa' + 'cyre' + 'līc';calque from continental Germanic langs; eg NHG willkürlich, Du willekeurig, Da vilkårlige), whimful | ||
arboretum | n | treeyard | ||
arc | n | bow | ||
archaeology | n | oldenlore erelore | ||
archaeopterix [lithographica] | n | [stoneset] orfowl (Cf. NHG Urvogel) [stoneprinted] oldenwing | ||
archangel | n | high-ghost | ||
archeology | n | oldeldthlore | ||
archer | n | bowman | bowyer | |
archery | n | bowmanship | bowcraft | |
archipelago | n | aitrow ilandsea iland cluster | ||
architecture | n | builthlore timbercraft | ||
arctic | adj | bear- (far-)northern | ||
arctic | n | northpole | ||
ardour | n | hotheartedness(OE hatheortnes) | ||
area | n | ground stow stead stigh erd | ||
argent | n | silver | ||
arguable | adj | moot | sakebere | |
argue | vb | wrestle squabble wrangle bicker fight tilt |
sake (OE "sacan") | |
argument | n | row | rake (<OE racu) | |
aridity | n | drought droughth dryness rainlessness |
dryth. | |
aristocrat | n | blue-blood |
rikeborn richard thoroughbred | |
aristocratic | adj | blue-blooded full-blooded highbred highborn wellborn |
rikeborn richborn | |
arithmetic | n | talecraft (<OE getælcræft) | ||
arm | vb | beweapon | ||
arm | n | handweapon | ||
armadillo | n | shieldling, girdledeer (cf. NHG Gürteltier, cf. Du. gordeldier) | ||
armistice | n | truce | ||
armour | n | shield | ||
armour (suit of) | n | shieldwear, shield clothing | ||
army | n | here, ferd, landfyrd, harr, harrmen, heer, dright, drightfolk (people's army), warband, weremight, herefolk, landferd, ganghere (foot men), inhere (homeland here) | ||
aroma | n | smell sweetsmell | ||
around | prep & adj & adv | about umbe | ||
arouse | vb | stir awake arear | ||
arrange | vb |
fettle dight | ||
arrangement | n | layout | ||
array | vb | lay out set out | ||
arrest | vb | nab avast | ||
arrive | vb | oncome (OE ancuman) | ||
arrive at | vb | reach find |
come upon get to | |
arrogant | adj | proud highhanded overweening | ||
arsenal | n | weaponhoard | ||
arson | n | firestarting | ||
arsonist | n | firestarter | ||
art | n | craft | list (<OE list Cf. OSxn list Du. list OHG list NHG List ON list Sw. list Far. list Ic. list) | |
artery | n | loftblood pipe | ||
article | n | thing | writ (grammar) lithword (calque of Dutch lidwoord) | |
artificial | adj | manmade craftly | ||
artillery | n | gunware | ||
artisan | n | craftsman wright handyman | ||
artistry | n | craftsmanship | ||
Asatru | av | Esetroth Ostroth | ||
Asatruar(maður) | n | Ostrothman | ||
asbestos | n | thrumstone stone-flax earthflax | ||
ascend | vb | climb go up stigh/sty | ||
Ascension Day | n | Gang-Day (OE gangdæg) | ||
ascent | n | upgoing(OE upgang) | ||
asexual reproduction | n | swiveless matchbearing | ||
Asgard | n | Osyard Osgarth Osearth Godsearth | ||
Asia | n | easterngreatland the East | ||
asparagus | n | sparrowgrass | ||
asphalt | n | streettar | ||
assail | vb | lay into | ||
assassin | n |
murderer hitman |
deathcraftsman deathcrafter | |
assassinated | adj |
dead murdered |
deathcrafted | |
assassin
ating |
vb | murdering | deathcrafting | |
assassination | n | murder | deathcraft | |
assault | n | onset | ||
assemble | vb | gather ban get together; timber frame build |
samen (<OE samnian, cf. ON samna, NHG sammeln, Du. zamelen) put together set up | |
assembly | n | gathering, meeting, moot, meet, thing, ingathering; building, timbering, framing, get-together |
samening (<OE samnung) leedsteven (<OE léodstefn "assembly," literally "people's voice") forsamening (for+samen (<OE samnian)+ing, a calque of NHG Versammlung) |
|
asset | n | holding | ||
assiduity | n | beeishness one-mindness steadfastness thoroughness tirelessness weariless | ||
assign | vb | let bequethe draught draught up mete |
pass on hand on give out make over deed over allot | |
assimilate | vb | blend in with be one with bring near to fall in with | ||
assist | vb | help bestead |
filst (<OE fylstan) help out | |
assistance | n | help |
filst (<OE fylst) midhelp (<OE midhelp) atstall (<OE ætstæl) fultum (<OE fultum) byhelp (Cf. NHG Beihilfe) |
|
assistant | n | helper |
fultumend (<OE fultumend) filstend (<OE fylstend) |
|
association | n | guild club |
yea-fering underbind | |
assume | vb |
take foretake foretrue |
take on take it that gather that | |
assure | n | forspeaking afast (OE áfæst) | ||
aster | n | starbloom | ||
asterisk | n | star | ||
asterisk | n | starlet | ||
asteroid | n | worldlet | ||
asthma | n | angbreast(OE angbreost) hardbreathing | ||
astonish | vb | astound dumbfound amaze bewilder bewonder startle |
make speechless | |
astonished | adj | astounded speechless amazed dumbfounded bewildered bewondered startled |
answerless awondered | |
astonishing | adj | astounding amazing bewildering bewondering startling |
forwonderly (Calque of German verwunderlich) | |
astral | adj | starly | ||
astronaut | n | starfarer | ||
astronomy | n | starlore | ||
astute | adj | shrewd cunning pretty sharp quick-witted | ||
asylum | n | haven madhouse | ||
atavism | n | throwback | ||
atelier | n | workshop | ||
atheist | adj | godless | without belief in gods beliefless ungodsome unliefsome liefless | |
-ative | suffix |
-le |
-il | |
atlas | n | [chart]book | ||
atmosphere | n | welkin | ||
atom | n | uncleft | ||
atrocious | adj | outmad | ||
atrophy | n | withering dying waning | ||
attack | n | onslaught onset strike |
infall (upon or into) | |
attack | vb | fight smite beset set on set upon lay into lay on lay to |
onslay set upon strike at raid | |
attain | vb | reach gain | ||
attempt | n | shot undertaking bash | ||
attempt | vb | forseek (Cf. NHG versuchen) seek undertake set out |
give a shot have a bash have a go | |
attend | vb | heed hear | ||
attend to | vb | see after take care of | ||
attendant | n | steward thane knight thrall |
thew theow | |
attention | n | heed mind | ||
attention pay |
vb | heed mind | ||
attest | vb | witness | bear out | |
attic | n | loft | ||
attic | n | loft | roofroom | |
attire | n | clading | ||
attitude | n | standing outlook | ||
attorney | n | lawyer | ||
attract | vb | latch | indraw draw to | |
attractive | adj | comely good-looking lovely fair handsome | ||
attribute | n | ownship | ||
aubergine | n | eggwort | ||
audacious | adj | daring bold fearless cheeky dare-all dareful breme unfearing reckless stoor |
thriste unfrightened daresome unafeared ballsy | |
audacity | n | gall guts hardihood hardiness boldness balls daring | ||
audible | adj | hearly behearly | ||
audience | n | hearing; hearers listeners | ||
augment | vb |
eke bemore |
eken eke out | |
August | n | Weedmonth | ||
aura | n | holyshine | ||
aurora (dawn) | n | dawn, daybreak, sunrise, sun-up, shrike o' day | ||
aurora borealis | n | northern lights | ||
aurum | n | gold | yellow dust | |
austere | adj | yarewit | ||
austerity | n | hardliness | ||
Australia | n |
Southland Southgreatland | ||
Austria | n | Eastenrike (spelling modernized from Early Modern English 'Eastenricke', from 'A Letter to the Earls of East Friesland' by George Nedham) | Easterrike (Cf. NHG Österreich) | |
author | n | writer maker |
bookwright | |
authority | n | leadership higher rank |
elderdom (<OE ealdordóm) lorowdom, learnedom (OE láréowdóm)
| |
auto- | prefix | self- | ||
autodidact | adj | self-taught | ||
automaker | n | wainwright | ||
automatic (gunning) | adj | self-loading, half-tilt, full-tilt | ||
autonomy | n | selflaw | ||
autonym | n | selfname | ||
autopsy | n | open bodychecking | ||
autumn | n | fall harvest | ||
auxiliary | adj |
backup fallback
|
eke
| |
avail | vb | bestead | ||
available | adj | free forthcoming in stock |
come to hand | |
avalanche | n | bergfall fellfall snowslide | ||
avant garde | n | forhead | ||
avarice | n | yetsing (OE gitsung) | ||
avenge | vb | wreak | ||
average | adj |
mean
| ||
avert | vb | forfend(prevent) umbewend(redirect) |
forethwart offturn | |
aviary | n | birdhouse | ||
aviator | n | flyer |
skyman | |
avid | adj | eager | ||
avoid | vb | miss beware shun |
formithe (half calque from German and Dutch) mithe ware guard against | |
avow | vb | swear trow own |
yea-say | |
award | vb | bestow (upon) forlend | ||
axis | n | axle | ||
azimuth | n | starway southernwidth northernwidth | ||
azote | n | stickstuff | ||
azure | adj | skyblue |