Staff H of the English Wordbook.
Basic abbreviations:
- OE = Old English
- ME = Middle English
- PG = Or-theedish
- SC = Scots
- SW = Swedish
- Dan. = Danish
- ON = Old Norse
- OS = Old Saxon
- NHG = New Hightheech
- IC = Icelandish
- H.IC = High Icelandish
- Du. = Netherlandish
- Fris. = Freesish
For a full list of etymological and other abbreviations used in these wordlists, see: Offshortenings.
|
Chancery English | Class | Anglish/English | ||
| Attested | Unattested | |||
| haberdasher | n | hatter, hatmaker | winkeler (<Du.) | |
| habit | n | trend, wont, wone, thew, wontedness | wonehood (cf. NHG Gewohnheit) | |
| háček | n | - | hookling | |
| hadron | n | - | strongmote | |
| hafnium | n | - | havenstuff | |
| hagiography | n | - | holilore, holglore (< OE halga) | |
| hallelujah | interj | - | herrigod, herriya (calque of Hebrew) | |
| hallucination | n | - | smoke and glass, sightmad. | |
| halophile | n | salt-loving, salt-friendly | ||
| hamate bone | n | - | hookbone | |
| hammock | n | hangmat | - | |
| hamlet | n | hem, thorpe/thorp/dorp, wick, town, whistle-stop | hemling, ham | |
| haptic suit (VR) | n | aped handling, handlewear | ||
| harass | vb | harry, bother, stalk, taw, harrow | - | |
| harmonica | n | mouth harp | - | |
| harmony | n | bond, overlay, like-mindedness, togetherness |
est (OE) | |
| harness | vb | inspan | - | |
| harpsichord | n | - | harpstring | |
| harpy eagle | n | - | king's hawk (Port. calque of gavião-real) | |
| hashish | n | - | hemptar | |
| haste | n | speed | snellness | |
| haunt | vb | hound, stalk, ghost, lurking | - | |
| have in common | vb | share, fellowship | evendeal (< OE efenġedæl) | |
| having a good voice | adj | having a good steven (OED steven = voice) | wellstemned (< OE welġestemned) | |
| headphone(s) | n | headset, earspeaker(s) | headspeaker, headswan, earset, earswan | |
| hectare | n | - | hundreder | |
| heir, heiress | n | Scion, Scioness | erve (< OE ierfa, cf. NHG Erb)
f: ervin | |
| helicopter | n | eggbeater, whirlybird | bladewing (airship), whirlwing, spinning-vanes thyrl (<Ic.), liftspinner (< NHG Hubschrauber) | |
| heliotrope | n | - | silewharve ( < OE sigelhweorfe) | |
| helium | n | - | sunstuff | |
| helix | n | writhe, twist | double: twofold writhe | |
| helmet | n | helm | grime, beadgrime | |
| hemi- | pref | half-, sam-, sand-, some- | - | |
| hemicircle | n | - | halfring, samring | |
| hemisphere | n | - | ballhalf | |
| hen coop | n | henhouse | - | |
| hepatitis | n | liver-sickness | - | |
| heptagon | n | - | sevenside | |
| herb | n | grass, shrub, wort | wortgrass, wortstalk, wortsmack, wortsmatch
croud (< PG krūdą, cf. NHG Kraut) | |
| herbal (book) | n | - | wortbook | |
| herbicide | n | weedkiller | - | |
| herbivore | n | - | grass-eater, wort-eater | |
| heresy | n | - | dwild (< OE dwild), trewleaseness (< OE tréowléasnes) | |
| heritage | n | bequest, birthright | yerve (< OE ierfe; cf. NHG Erbe) | |
| hermaphrodite | n | - | beddle, newhalf, scrat, scrit, manwoman | |
| hermit | n | loner | lonesettler (cf. NHG Einsiedler) | |
|
hero(ïne) | n | white hat |
heleth(in) (< OE hæleð, cf. NHG Held) noble: bearn (< OE beorn), hield (<OE hildewulf "hero") | |
| heroïc deed | n | - | ellenwork (< OE ellenweorc) | |
| heroïsm | n | doughtiness | helethdom (cf. NHG Heldentum) | |
| herpes | n | tetter | - | |
| hesitate | vb | dither | swither | |
| heterogeneous | adj | mixed | - | |
| heterosexual | n | straight | witherdrawn, andlover, andluster | |
| heterosexuality | n | - | andlove, andlust, andkind (cf. Far. samkynd) | |
| hexagon | n | - | sixside | |
| hiatus | n | gap, break | - | |
| hibernal | adj | wintry | ||
| hibernate | vb | winter, overwinter | - | |
| hibiscus | n | rosemellow | - | |
| hick | n | redneck, hillbilly | - | |
| hicksville | n | backtown | - | |
| hideous | adj | awful, dreadful, evil, foul, fulsome, loathsomeunfair sickening, ugly | unfair, uncomely litless (< OE wliteleas) | |
| hierarchy | n | ladder | - | |
| Hinduism | n | - | Vedidom, Hindudom, Indom, Aytrothdom/Aydharmadom (Hind. Sanātana dharma (सनातन धर्म)), Veditrothdom | |
| hippopotamus | n | - | eahorse (cf. NHG Flusspferd) | |
| histology | n | - | lifebricklore, (life)thrumlore (Ar. علم الأنسجة) | |
| historian | n | - | sheedteller (< OE gescēode + teller)
ashiftwriter, ashiftly writer (cf. NHG Geschichtsschreibung) happenwriter (cf. Du. geschiedschrijving) | |
| historic | adj | - | sheedly (cf. NHG Geschichtlich) | |
| historical | adj | bygone | ashiftly (cf. NHG geschichtlich)
happenlorely (cf. Du. geschiedkundig) | |
| historiographic(al) | adj | - | ashiftwritingly (cf. NHG Geschichtsschreibung)
happenwritingly (cf. Du. geschiedschrijving) | |
| historiography | n | - | ashiftwriting, ashiftly writing (cf. NHG Geschichtsschreibung)
happenwriting (cf. Du. geschiedschrijving) | |
| history | n | yore, yesteryear, timeline, background |
ashift (cf. NHG Geschichte) stear (< OE stǣr) eretide; life tale asheede, sheede (< OE gescēode, cf. NHG Geschichte) happenness (cf. Du. geschiedenis), haplore (cf. Du. geschiedkunde) ancient: firnmind (< OE fyrnġemynd) forline ( < WFris. ferline) | |
| hodiernal | adj | - | tidely | |
| holocaust | n | burn-all, rain of fire, carpet bombing, scorched earth, wildfire, death, slaughter, bloodbath | allburn, firerain, menburning, flamingtown, firewar, earthscorch, Roufrithsoned Engliſh: Alkindening | |
| hologram | n | - | woven build | |
| homage | n | - | manred < OE manræden (man- + -ræden, suffix used to refer to 'condition', 'state') | |
| homicide | n | murder, manslaughter | - | |
| homily | n | chestnut | lorespell (< OE lárspell), teaching-spell, folklore (< OE folclar, after the Grk 'homilos,' 'crowd') | |
| homogenous | adj | samewise, kindred | stemling, stemsharing | |
| homophobia | n | - | samelovefear, samelustfear, samekindlovefear, samekindlovefear, samelovehate, samelusthate, samekindlovehate, samekindlusthate | |
| homosexual | n | bender, swish, queer, fag, faggy (adj) | samelover, sameluster, samekindlover | |
| homosexuality | n | - | samelove, samelust, samekind (cf. Far. samkynd), samekindlust, queerness, fagness | |
| honest | adj | truthful, upright, forthright, full, open, becoming, frank | lutter (< OE hlutor) | |
| honesty | n | truthfulness, forthrightness; moonwort | lutterness | |
| hono(u)r | n | uprightness, mensk |
ore (< OE ár) deemworthing (< OE dómweorðung) ornament: gling (< OE gleng) indryght (< OE indryhtu) greatness, distinction, celebrity: mearness (< OE mǽrnes) tire (< OE tír) worthfulness, worthing, worthliness, worthmind, worthness, worthship (< OE) mind's-worth seat of: thrimseld (< OE þrymseld), thrimsettle (< OE þrymsetl) special: sunderworthing (< OE sundorweorðung) | |
| hono(u)r | vb | worthy, mensk | mather (< OE mǽðrian)
mear (< OE mǽran) mearse (< OE mǽrsian) o(u)ver (< OE uferian) stepe (< OE stépan) breme (< OE gebréman) meed (< OE gemedemian) ore (< OE geárian) oreworth (< OE geárweorðian) worth (< OE weorðian) | |
| honourable | adj | upright, upstanding, mensk | oreworthy | |
| hooligan | n | rough neck | - | |
| hope of a ressurection | n | - | aristhyght (< OE æristhyht) | |
| horde | n | throng | - | |
| horizon | n | skyline | skyedge; skyfoot, skysill | |
| horizontal | adj | - | flatways, flatwise, warp | |
| hormone | adj | - | spur | |
| horology | n | - | timekeeping seercraft | |
| horrible | adj | awful, dreadful, fearful, frightful, ghastly, grim, grisly, gruesome, bloodcurdling, hair-raising, scary |
lathsome, gruring, hettely (< OE heteliċ) grireful | |
| horrify | vb | scare, frighten, afear | affright | |
| horror | n | awe, dread, fear, fright | grire (< OE gryre, cf. NHG Grauen) | |
| horticulture | n | - | wortcraft | |
| hospice | n | inn | - | |
| hospital | n | sickhouse, leechhouse | healhouse, sickbergh | |
| hospitable | adj | guestfriendly | comelithe (< OE cumliðe), guestly | |
| hospitality | n | guestfriendship, guestfriendliness | - | |
| host | n | - | guestgiver (cf. NHG Gastgeber) | |
| hostage | n | - | gisel (<OE ġīsel, cf. NHG Geisel) | |
| hostile | adj | foesome, unfriendly, fiendish, fiendlike, | fiendly (<OE fēondliċ, cf. NHG feindlich)
(but fiendish and fiendlike are already attested) | |
| hostility | n | foehood, unfriendliness, fiendishness | feaghth (<OE fæhþ) pl: feaghtha (<OE fæhþa), fiendliness | |
| hot chocolate | n | bitterbrew | - | |
| hotel | n | guesthouse, inn |
toachirhouse (<OE tōċirhūs) | |
| hour | n | stound, tide | longlog | |
| hourglass | n | sandglass | timeglass | |
| House of Commons | n | - | Folkthing, Folksthing (cf. Dan. Folksting) | |
| House of Lords | n | - | Athelthing, Athelsthing (cf. Norw. Odelsting, PG. ōþala "inherited estate" > OE. athel "noble", Norw. odel "fully owned estate") | |
| hug (theedish) | v | - | umarm (cf. NHG. umarme) | |
| huge | adj | great, big, wide, stour | - | |
| hug (theedish) | n | - | umarming (cf. NHG. Umarmung) | |
| hullabaloo | n | uproar, ado, merry hell, to-do | - | |
| human | n | man, son of man, earthling, wer | wordling, soul | |
| human | adj | manlike, like a son of man, earthborn | mennishly (<OE mennisclic) | |
| humane | adj | mannish | - | |
| humanitarian | adj | do-good | manworthy | |
| humanity | n | folk, world; kindheartedness, ruth, warmheartedness, mankind | mankin, mannishness
mennishliness (<OE mennisclicnes) | |
| humanize | n | - |
manthware (<OE ġemanþwærian) | |
| humble | adj | down-to-earth, meek, lowly | - | |
| humerus | n | arm-bone | - | |
| humid | adj | dank, damp, sweltry, sticky, wet | - | |
| humidity | n | wetness, dampness | loftwetness, loftdampness (cf. NHG Luftfeuchtigkeit) | |
| humiliate | vb | cheapen, foul, lower, shame, sink, take down | forhien(<OE forhīenan), anether (<ME anetheren<OE aniþerian), neigh (<OE hnaégan), nither (<OE niðrian) | |
| humiliating | adj | toe-curling, cringe-making | - | |
| humility | n | down-to-earthness, lowiness, meekness | lowlayth, lamblikeness, sackclothness | |
| humorous | adj | funny, witty, side-splitting | - | |
| hurricane | n | gale, whirlwind | - | |
| hurt (Germanic) | vb | harm, scathe, wound | - | |
| husband | n | were (<OE "wer", companion of "wife" lost via ON "husbondi") | ||
| hushed | adj | still, lown (dialect), on the down low | - | |
| hyacinth | n | - | darkbluehurst | |
| hybrid | n/adj | - | thwarsebreed | |
| hydraulics | n | waterworks | - | |
| hydrogen | n | waterstuff (Poul Anderson) | lightmote | |
| hydrotherapy | n | - | waterhealing | |
| hyena | n | - | nightgang (<OE nihtgenge) | |
| hymn | n | hymn, Churchsong | hymn (<OE ymen) Churchsong (<OE Ciricsang) | |
| hyoid bone | n | - | tungbone (NHG Zungenbein) | |
| hyper | adj | overspringed, springy | - | |
| hyperopia | n | far(-)sightedness, long(-)sightedness | - | |
| hypha | n | - | swambthread | |
| hyphen | n | dash | - | |
| hypnosis | n | bedazzling, spellbinding | - | |
| hypnotise | vb | bedazzle, grip, spellbind | - | |
| hypnotic | adj | bedazzling, gripping, spellbinding
sleep soothing, sleepy | - | |
| hypocrite | n | faker, show-player, mask-wearer, holier-than-thou, liar, shameless, bewrayer | - | |
| hypocritical | adj | faking, playing a show, masked, Pecksniffian, double-dealing,
a sham | double-leerer, unecht (cf. NHG. unecht) (see Eng. echt) | |
| hypocrisy | n | faking, show-play, masking, double-dealing | unluterness | |
| hypothermia | n | chill, frost, cooling, freezing, frostbite | undercooling (calque from German Unterkühlung) | |
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