Staff H of the English Wordbook.
Basic abbreviations:
- OE = Old English
- ME = Middle English
- SC = Scots
- WF = West Frish
- NF = North Frish
- SF = Saterlandish Frish
- WLG = West Low Theech
- ELG = East Low Theech
- NL = Netherlandish
- NHG = New High Theech
- IC = Icelandish
- HIC = High Icelandish
- NO = Nornish
- SW = Swedish
- DN = Danish
- MLG = Middle Low Theech
- MNL = Middle Netherlandish
- MHG = Middle High Theech
- OF = Old Frish
- OS = Old Saxish
- OHG = Old High Theech
- ON = Old Norse
- GO = Gottish
- PWG = Or-West-Theedish
- PG = Or-Theedish
For a full list of etymological and other abbreviations used in these wordlists, see: Offshortenings.
Chancery English |
Class | Anglish/English | ||
Attested | Unattested | |||
haberdasher | n | hatter, hatmaker | winkeler (<Du.) | |
habit | n | trend, wont, wone, thew, wontedness | wonehood (cf. NHG Gewohnheit) | |
háček | n | - | hookling | |
hadron | n | - | strongmote | |
hafnium | n | - | havenstuff | |
hagiography | n | - | holilore, holglore (< OE halga) | |
hallelujah | interj | - | herrigod, herriya (calque of Hebrew) | |
hallucination | n | - | smoke and glass, sightmad. | |
halophile | n | salt-loving, salt-friendly | ||
hamate bone | n | - | hookbone | |
hammock | n | hangmat | - | |
hamlet | n | hem, thorpe/thorp/dorp, wick, town, whistle-stop | hemling, ham | |
harass | vb | harry, bother, stalk, taw, harrow | - | |
harmony | n | bond, overlay, like-mindedness, togetherness |
est (OE) | |
harness | vb | inspan | - | |
harpy eagle | n | - | king's hawk (Port. calque of gavião-real) | |
hashish | n | - | hemptar | |
haste | n | speed | snellness | |
haunt | vb | hound, stalk, ghost, lurking | - | |
have in common | vb | share, fellowship | evendeal (< OE efenġedæl) | |
having a good voice | adj | having a good steven (OED steven = voice) | wellstemned (< OE welġestemned) | |
headphone(s) | n | headset, earspeaker(s) | headspeaker, headswan, earset, earswan | |
hectare | n | - | hundreder | |
heir, heiress | n | Scion, Scioness | erve (< OE ierfa, cf. NHG Erb)
f: ervin | |
helicopter | n | eggbeater, whirlybird | bladewing (airship), whirlwing, spinning-vanes thyrl (<Ic.), liftspinner (< NHG Hubschrauber) | |
heliotrope | n | - | silewharve ( < OE sigelhweorfe) | |
helium | n | - | sunstuff | |
helix | n | writhe, twist | double: twofold writhe | |
helmet | n | helm | grime, beadgrime | |
hemi- | pref | half-, sam-, sand-, some- | - | |
hemicircle | n | - | halfring, samring | |
hemisphere | n | - | ballhalf | |
hen coop | n | henhouse | - | |
hepatitis | n | liver-sickness | - | |
heptagon | n | - | sevenside | |
herb | n | grass, shrub, wort | wortgrass, wortstalk, wortsmack, wortsmatch
croud (< PG krūdą, cf. NHG Kraut) | |
herbal (book) | n | - | wortbook | |
herbicide | n | weedkiller | - | |
herbivore | n | - | grass-eater, wort-eater | |
heresy | n | - | dwild (< OE dwild), trewleaseness (< OE tréowléasnes) | |
heritage | n | bequest, birthright | yerve (< OE ierfe; cf. NHG Erbe) | |
hermaphrodite | n | - | beddle, newhalf, scrat, scrit, manwoman | |
hermit | n | loner | lonesettler (cf. NHG Einsiedler) | |
hero(ïne) |
n | white hat |
heleth(in) (< OE hæleð, cf. NHG Held) noble: bearn (< OE beorn) | |
heroïc deed | n | - | ellenwork (< OE ellenweorc) | |
heroïsm | n | doughtiness | helethdom (cf. NHG Heldentum) | |
herpes | n | tetter | - | |
hesitate | vb | dither | swither | |
heterogeneous | adj | mixed | - | |
heterosexual | n | straight | witherdrawn, andlover, andluster | |
heterosexuality | n | - | andlove, andlust, andkind (cf. Far. samkynd) | |
hexagon | n | - | sixside | |
hiatus | n | gap, break | - | |
hibernal | adj | wintry | ||
hibernate | vb | winter, overwinter | - | |
hibiscus | n | rosemellow | - | |
hick | n | redneck, hillbilly | - | |
hicksville | n | backtown | - | |
hideous | adj | awful, dreadful, evil, foul, fulsome, loathsomeunfair sickening, ugly | unfair, uncomely litless (< OE wliteleas) | |
hierarchy | n | ladder | - | |
hippopotamus | n | - | eahorse (cf. NHG Flusspferd) | |
histology | n | - | lifebricklore, (life)thrumlore (Ar. علم الأنسجة) | |
historian | n | - | sheedteller (< OE gescēode + teller) | |
historic | adj | - | sheedly (cf. NHG Geschichtlich) | |
history | n | yore, yesteryear, timeline |
stear (< OE stǣr) eretide; life tale sheede (< OE gescēode, cf. NHG Geschichte) happenness (cf. Du. geschiedenis), <span >happenlore (cf .Du. geschiedkunde) ancient: firnmind (< OE fyrnġemynd) forline ( < WFris. ferline) | |
hodiernal | adj | - | tidely | |
holocaust | n | burn-all, rain of fire, carpet bombing, scorched earth, wildfire, death, slaughter, bloodbath | allburn, firerain, menburning, flamingtown, firewar, earthscorch | |
hologram | n | - | woven build | |
homage | n | - | manred < OE manræden (man- + -ræden, suffix used to refer to 'condition', 'state') | |
homicide | n | murder, manslaughter | - | |
homily | n | chestnut | lorespell (< OE lárspell), teaching-spell, folklore (< OE folclar, after the Grk 'homilos,' 'crowd') | |
homogenous | adj | samewise, kindred | stemling, stemsharing | |
homosexual | n | bender | samelover, sameluster, samekindlover | |
homosexuality | n | - | samelove, samelust, samekind (cf. Far. samkynd), samekindlust | |
honest | adj | truthful, upright, forthright, full, open, becoming, frank | lutter (< OE hlutor) | |
honesty | n | truthfulness, forthrightness; moonwort | lutterness | |
hono(u)r | n | uprightness, mensk |
ore (< OE ár) deemworthing (< OE dómweorðung) ornament: gling (< OE gleng) indryght (< OE indryhtu) greatness, distinction, celebrity: mearness (< OE mǽrnes) tire (< OE tír) worthfulness, worthing, worthliness, worthmind, worthness, worthship (< OE) mind's-worth seat of: thrimseld (< OE þrymseld), thrimsettle (< OE þrymsetl) special: sunderworthing (< OE sundorweorðung) | |
hono(u)r | vb | worthy, mensk | mather (< OE mǽðrian)
mear (< OE mǽran) mearse (< OE mǽrsian) o(u)ver (< OE uferian) stepe (< OE stépan) breme (< OE gebréman) meed (< OE gemedemian) ore (< OE geárian) oreworth (< OE geárweorðian) worth (< OE weorðian) | |
honourable | adj | upright, upstanding, mensk | oreworthy | |
hooligan | n | rough neck | - | |
hope of a ressurection | n | - | aristhyght (< OE æristhyht) | |
horde | n | throng | - | |
horizon | n | skyline | skyedge; skyfoot, skysill | |
horizontal | adj | - | flatways, flatwise, warp | |
hormone | adj | - | spur | |
horology | n | - | timekeeping seercraft | |
horrible | adj | awful, dreadful, fearful, frightful, ghastly, grim, grisly, gruesome, bloodcurdling, hair-raising, scary |
lathsome, gruring, hettely (< OE heteliċ) grireful | |
horrify | vb | scare, frighten, afear | affright | |
horror | n | awe, dread, fear, fright | grire (< OE gryre, cf. NHG Grauen) | |
horticulture | n | - | wortcraft | |
hospice | n | inn | - | |
hospital | n | sickhouse, leechhouse | healhouse, sickbergh | |
hospitable | adj | guestfriendly | comelithe (< OE cumliðe), guestly | |
hospitality | n | guestfriendship, guestfriendliness | - | |
host | n | - | guestgiver (cf. NHG Gastgeber) | |
hostage | n | - | gisel (<OE ġīsel, cf. NHG Geisel) | |
hostile | adj | foesome, unfriendly, fiendish, fiendlike, | fiendly (<OE fēondliċ, cf. NHG feindlich)
(but fiendish and fiendlike are already attested) | |
hostility | n | foehood, unfriendliness, fiendishness | feaghth (<OE fæhþ) pl: feaghtha (<OE fæhþa), fiendliness | |
hot chocolate | n | bitterbrew | - | |
hotel | n | guesthouse, inn |
toachirhouse (<OE tōċirhūs) | |
hour | n | stound, tide | longlog | |
hourglass | n | sandglass | timeglass | |
hug (theedish) | v | - | umarm (cf. NHG. umarme) | |
huge | adj | great, big, wide | - | |
hug (theedish) | n | - | umarming (cf. NHG. Umarmung) | |
hullabaloo | n | uproar, ado, merry hell, to-do | - | |
human | n | man, son of man, earthling, wer | wordling, soul | |
human | adj | manlike, like a son of man, earthborn | mennishly (<OE mennisclic) | |
humane | adj | mannish | - | |
humanitarian | adj | do-good | manworthy | |
humanity | n | folk, world; kindheartedness, ruth, warmheartedness, mankind | mankin, mannishness
mennishliness (<OE mennisclicnes) | |
humanize | n | - |
manthware (<OE ġemanþwærian) | |
humble | adj | down-to-earth, meek, lowly | - | |
humerus | n | arm-bone | - | |
humid | adj | dank, damp, sweltry, sticky, wet | - | |
humidity | n | wetness, dampness | loftwetness, loftdampness (cf. NHG Luftfeuchtigkeit) | |
humiliate | vb | cheapen, foul, lower, shame, sink, take down | forhien(<OE forhīenan), anether (<ME anetheren<OE aniþerian), neigh (<OE hnaégan), nither (<OE niðrian) | |
humiliating | adj | toe-curling, cringe-making | - | |
humility | n | down-to-earthness, lowiness, meekness | lowlayth, lamblikeness, sackclothness | |
humourous | adj | funny, witty, side-splitting | - | |
hurricane | n | gale, whirlwind | - | |
hurt | vb | harm, scathe, wound | - | |
husband | n | were (<OE "wer", companion of "wife" lost via ON "husbondi") | ||
hushed | adj | still, lown (dialect), on the down low | - | |
hyacinth | n | - | darkbluehurst | |
hybrid | n/adj | - | thwarsebreed | |
hydraulics | n | waterworks | - | |
hydrogen | n | waterstuff (Poul Anderson) | lightmote | |
hydrotherapy | n | - | waterhealing | |
hymn | n | hymn, Churchsong | hymn (<OE ymen) Churchsong (<OE Ciricsang) | |
hyoid bone | n | - | tungbone (NHG Zungenbein) | |
hyper | adj | overspringed, springy | - | |
hyperopia | n | far(-)sightedness, long(-)sightedness | - | |
hypha | n | - | swambthread | |
hyphen | n | dash | - | |
hypnosis | n | bedazzling, spellbinding | - | |
hypnotise | vb | bedazzle, grip, spellbind | - | |
hypnotic | adj | bedazzling, gripping, spellbinding
sleep soothing, sleepy |
- | |
hypocrite | n | faker, show-player, mask-wearer, holier-than-thou, liar, shameless, bewrayer | - | |
hypocritical | adj | faking, playing a show, masked, Pecksniffian, double-dealing,
a sham |
double-leerer, unecht (cf. NHG. unecht) (see Eng. echt) | |
hypocrisy | n | faking, show-play, masking, double-dealing | unluterness | |
hypothermia | n | chill, frost, cooling, freezing, frostbite | undercooling (calque from German Unterkühlung) |