Staff J of the English Wordbook.
Tongueshortenings:
- NE = New English
- ENE = Early New English
- ME = Middle English
- OE = Old English
- SC = Scots
- WF = West Frish
- NF = North Frish
- SF = Saterlandish Frish
- WO = Wangeroogish
- WLG = West Low Thetch
- EFLS = East Frish Low Saxish
- ELG = East Low Thetch
- NL = Netherlandish
- AF = Afrikaans
- NHG = New High Thetch
- IL = Icelandish
- HIL = High Icelandish
- FO = Faroish
- NO = Nornish
- SW = Swedish
- DN = Danish
- MLG = Middle Low Thetch
- MNL = Middle Netherlandish
- MHG = Middle High Thetch
- OF = Old Frish
- OS = Old Saxish
- OHG = Old High Thetch
- ON = Old Norse
- GO = Gottish
- PWG = Or-West-Theedish
- PG = Or-Theedish
Other shortenings:
- [ᛣ] = Loanwend
- [ᚹ] = Widened meaning given to a word for the sake of Anglish
- [ᛏ] = Transitive
- [ᚾ] = Intransitive
- [ᚩ] = Old and dead meaning of a living word
For a full list of etymological and other abbreviations used in these wordlists, see: Offshortenings.
Staffs under English Wordbook/J:
Ja Jb Jc Jd
Je Jf Jg Jh
Ji Jj Jk Jl Jm Jn Jo Jp Jq Jr Js Jt Ju Jv
Jw Jx Jy Jz
*Note: If you click on one of the links above, and nothing happens, then that means no words have been put forth for that bookstaff as of yet.
| Chancery English | Class | Anglish/English | ||
| Attested | Unattested | |||
Ja[] | ||||
| Jack O'Lantern | n | will-o'-the-wisp, foxfire, wildfire, marshlight | Jack o'Lightvat, marrowhead ([ᛣ]: DN græskarhoved), Halloween-marrow ([ᛣ]: NHG Halloween-Kürbis) | |
| jade | n | greenstone | sidestone ([ᛣ]: Spanish piedra de ijada) | |
| jaguar | n | - | spotted cat | |
| jail | n | lockup | quartern (‹ME quarterne), carkern (‹OE carcern), witern (‹OE wītern), dimhouse (‹OE dimhūs), fastern, fanghouse;
slang terms: slough, blackhouse, ironhouse | |
| jam | n | - | sweetspread, mush (German), silt (SW sylt) | |
| jamais vu | n | - | neverseen | |
| janitor | n | caretaker | - | |
| January | n(p) | - | Afteryule (‹OE Æfterra Gēola), Afteryeel, Yanuary (‹OE Ianuarius; cf. IL janúar), Foremonth ([ᛣ]: WF Foarmoanne), Afteryulemonth, Frostmonth (cf. NHG Eismonat) | |
| Japan | n(p) | Land of the Rising Sun | Yapan, Dawnland [ᛣ], Sunland [ᛣ] | |
| jar | n | - | glass (cf. NHG Glas), pot | |
| jargon | n | shoptalk | craftspeech (‹OE cræftsprǣc) | |
| jaundiced | adj | sallow | - | |
| javelin | n | spear | frank (‹OE franca), darth (‹OE daroþ) | |
Je[] | ||||
| je ne sais quoi | n | God-knows-what | I-know-not, I-know-not-what | |
| jealous | adj | green-eyed | ondy (‹OE andig), nitheful (‹OE nīþfull), nithy | |
| jealousy | n | heartburn | ond (‹ME ōnd), ellenheat (‹OE ellenhete), nithe (‹OE nīþ) | |
| jean | adj | flax, linen | hempcloth | |
| jeans | n | - | flax hosen, linen hosen, hempcloth hosen | |
| Jehovah | n(p) | Almighty, Everlasting, Father, Godhead, Lord | Allfather, Life's Weaver, Drighten (or Drithen), Worldshaper | |
| jellyfish | n | sea nettle | seanettle, nettlefish, siltfish (SW sylt + fish) | |
| jester | n | merryman | glewer (‹OE glīwere), spiller (‹OE spilere), funniman, gleeman | |
| Jesus | n(p) | Lamb of God | Yesus/Yesow (‹OE Iesus); the Healend (‹ME Hēlend) | |
| jet black | adj | - | ravenblack, crowblack | |
| jewel | n | rock (slang) | imm (‹ME yimme), arkenstone (‹OE eorcnanstān), sinkstone (‹OE sincstān), wreat (‹OE wrǣt) | |
Ji[] | ||||
| jingoism | n | - | wyetheedishness | |
| jinx | n | mishap | wanlucker | |
Jo[] | ||||
| job | n | errand, chore, berth, business, work | char | |
| join (as in fasten) | vb | link, fit, tie | fay (‹ME feien), theed (‹ME iþeoden ⁊ ‹OE geþēodan/þēodan), chimb (‹OE cimban) | |
| join | vb | meet, go in, come in | - | |
| joint | n | limb, lith | wharver (‹OE hweorfa) | |
| joke | n | prat, one-liner, gab | - | |
| jolly | adj | blithe, gleeful, mirthful, merry | - | |
| jötunn (‹ON) | n | - | ettin (‹NE), eaten (‹ME ēten) | |
| journal | n | logbook, daybook | - | |
| journalism | n | news | logkeeping, logcraft, loggership, newscraft | |
| journalist | n | newsman | bewriter, logger, logkeeper, logwriter | |
| journey | n | wayfare, fare, ramble | gang (‹ME gāng), lode (‹ME lōd), sithe (‹ME sīth), sithefat (‹ME siþfæt), reys (‹ME reis ‹MLG reise) | |
| joust | vb | tilt | - | |
| jovial | adj | blithe, gleeful, merry, mirthful | eady | |
| Jōwa (1345-1350 era) | n | - | Rightwisefrith, Rightwisebliss | |
| Jōwa (834-848 era) | n | - | Bowfrith, Bowbliss | |
| joy | n | blitheness, glee, gladness, mirth, lust | win (‹ENE winne), wen (‹ME wenne), fea (‹OE gefēa), faining, listing | |
| joyful | adj | blissful, tickled, mirthful, merry, gleeful, blithe | eady, faining, listing, reemful | |
Jr[] | ||||
| Jr. | adj | - | Yr. | |
Ju[] | ||||
| Judaism | n(p) | - | Youdlief, Youddom (cf. Christendom) | |
| judicial | adj | - | doomly (‹OE dōmlīc) | |
| judge | vb | settle; call, make, reckon; gather, make out: deem, hold | heller (‹OE heolorian) | |
| judge | n | deemer | deemster | |
| judgecraft | n | deemcraft | - | |
| judgeful | adj | deemful | - | |
| judgment | n | doom, finding, holding; call; belief, eye, mind; ordeal | deemship | |
| judicious | adj | wise | doomwise | |
| juggernaut | n | drive, push | - | |
| juice | n | sap; fire | sew (< ME sewe ⁊ OE sēaw) | |
| juice up | vb | fire, liven up | - | |
| jukebox | n | - | songbox, swinbox, gleambox, gleebox | |
| July | n(p) | - | Afterlithe (‹OE Æfterra Līða), Meadmonth (‹OE Mǣdmōnaþ), Yowly (‹OE Iulius; cf. IL júlí), Meadowmonth, Haymonth | |
| jump | vb | leap, spring, hop | - | |
| June | n(p) | - | Erelithe (‹OE Ǣrra Līða), Searmonth (‹OE Sēarmōnaþ), Yowny (‹OE Iunius; cf. IL júní), Midsummermonth (‹OE Midsumormōnaþ), Fallowmonth | |
| jungle | n | whirlpool, madhouse, snaggle | orwood ([ᛣ]: WF oerwâld, EFLS oorwald, NL oerwoud, NHG Urwald) | |
| junior | adj | younger, youth, young, underling | - | |
| juniper | n | - | quickbeam ([ᚩ]: see OE cuicbēam) | |
| jurisdiction | n | law, lawhood | leedred (‹OE lēodrǣden [ᚹ]) | |
| jury | n | oath-takers | deemteam | |
| just | adj | fair, right, evenhanded; reckoned; straight, upright | - | |
| just | adv | barely, hardly, slightly; but, nothing but, nobbut, only, straightforwardly; fully, rightly, sharply; nearly, lately, even
"I just saw that": only now, right |
- | |
| just about | adj | almost | sowhat ([ᛣ]: WF sawat, NL zowat) | |
| justice | n | fairness, rightfulness, rightness; fair shake | rightwiseness (< ENE rightwiseness ⁊ ME rightwīsnesse), righthood | |
| justification | n | grounds | rightwising (‹OE gerihtwīsung), begrounding ([ᛣ]: NHG Begründung) | |
| justified | adj | well-grounded; reckoned, reckoned right; rightened | begrounded ([ᛣ]: NHG begründet) | |
| justify | vb | uphold, reckon, righten | rightwise (‹ME rightwīsen), soothfasten (<OE sóþfæst); beground ([ᛣ]: NHG begründen) | |
| Jute | n(p) | - | Yot (‹OE *Iot {Iotum}), Yeat (‹OE *Gēat {Gēatum}) | |
| Jutland | n(p) | - | Yotland (‹OE Eota land) | |
| juvenile | adj | young; green, unfledged, unripened | - | |
| juvenile | n | youngster, youth, stripling | frumbeardling | |
| juxtaposition | n | - | withmeetness (‹OE wiþmetenness), sidestead ([ᛣ]: IL hliðstaða), sidestelling (see ME stellen) | |