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{{Wordbook Head
  
{{Wordbook Head
 
|staff = N}}
  
|staff = N}}
−
{|cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" border="1" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background:transparent; border: 1px #cccccc solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
 +
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" border="1" style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; background:transparent; border: 1px #cccccc solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;"
−
|align="center" rowspan="2"|'''Chancery English'''
 +
| rowspan="2" align="center" |'''Chancery English'''
−
|align="center" rowspan="2"|'''Class'''
 +
| rowspan="2" align="center" |'''Class'''
−
|align="center" colspan="3"|'''Anglish/English'''
 +
| colspan="3" align="center" |'''Anglish/English'''
 
|-
  
|-
−
|align="center"|'''Attested'''
 +
| align="center" |'''Attested'''
−
|align="center"|'''Unattested'''
 +
| align="center" |'''Unattested'''
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nadir'''
  
|'''nadir'''
Line 41: Line 41:
 
|yarn, tell
  
|yarn, tell
 
|kithe (<OE cýðan), foretell
  
|kithe (<OE cýðan), foretell
  ⚫
|-
  +
|'''narration'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|telling
  ⚫
|
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''narrative'''
  
|'''narrative'''
Line 46: Line 51:
 
| tale, yarn
  
| tale, yarn
 
|kithing, backtale, foretelling (cf. Du. vertellen)
  
|kithing, backtale, foretelling (cf. Du. vertellen)
  ⚫
|-
  +
|'''nasal'''
  +
|''adj''
  +
|nosely
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
  +
|-
  +
|'''nasal bone'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
  +
|nosely bone
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''natatorium'''
  
|'''natatorium'''
Line 55: Line 70:
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
 
| folk, stock
  
| folk, stock
−
|theed/thede (<OE þeod<span style="font-size: 95%; ">), leedship (<OE léodscipe), theid, landleed, kinrike (<OE), folk, folkstead (<OE), folkship (<OE) folcscipe)</span>
 +
|theed/thede (<OE þeod), leedship (<OE léodscipe, ''from lede''), theid, landleed, kinrike (<OE), folk, folkstead (<OE), folkship (<OE) folcscipe), Leedred (<OE)
  +
|-
  +
|'''national'''
  +
|''adj''
  +
|
  +
|theedish
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nationalism'''
  
|'''nationalism'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
 
| flag-waving
  
| flag-waving
−
|haletheeding, theedholdness (<OE theodenhold)
 +
|haletheeding, ethelhood, theedholdness (<OE theodenhold)
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''native'''
  
|'''native'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
 
|towner, townie
  
|towner, townie
−
|erd-folk, arlander (OE or 'origin'), lander (<OE), landman (<OE), landfolk (<OE,[natives])
 +
|erd-folk, arlander (OE or 'origin'), lander (<OE), landman (<OE), landfolk (<OE,[natives]), inlander, Akenningly, Landish, Inlandish, Leedly
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''native'''
  
|'''native'''
 
|''adj''
  
|''adj''
−
|homely, built in, inborn, inbred, ownborn.
 +
|homely, built in, inborn, inbred, ownborn
−
|homelike, home-ish, erd-folkish, arland, true-born, true-grown
 +
|homelike, home-ish, erd-folkish, arland, true-born, true-grown, inland
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''natural'''
  
|'''natural'''
Line 84: Line 104:
   
 
lundish (cf. ME lund; ON lund)
  
lundish (cf. ME lund; ON lund)
  +
  +
selfgoing
  +
  ⚫
Ikind (<OE)
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''natural logarithm'''
  
|'''natural logarithm'''
Line 94: Line 118:
 
| drain of life
  
| drain of life
 
| -
  
| -
  +
|-
  +
|'''naturally'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|smoothly, flowingly
  +
|
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nature'''
  
|'''nature'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
−
| clay, self; wilderness; lik, kind; being, soul; world
 +
| clay, self; wilderness; greenworld; the wild; lik, kind; being, soul; world
 
|lund, lind (<ME lund from Old Norse lundr); umworld (cf. NHG Umwelt)
  
|lund, lind (<ME lund from Old Norse lundr); umworld (cf. NHG Umwelt)
 
|-
  
|-
Line 112: Line 141:
 
|'''nausea'''
  
|'''nausea'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
−
| sickness, loathing
 +
| sickness, loathing, [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/wlatsome#Descendants wlate]
 
|the shifts ''(calque), ''snoffy
  
|the shifts ''(calque), ''snoffy
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nauseous'''
  
|'''nauseous'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
−
|sickening, loathsome
 +
|sickening, loathsome, [http://www.yourdictionary.com/waltsome waltsome]
  +
|
⚫
|latsome (<OE)
  
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''navigate'''
  
|'''navigate'''
Line 124: Line 153:
 
|guide, sail, steer, helm
  
|guide, sail, steer, helm
 
|lode
  
|lode
  +
|-
  +
|'''navigation'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|watercraft
  +
|
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''navy'''
  
|'''navy'''
Line 154: Line 188:
 
| ''n''
  
| ''n''
 
|need
  
|need
−
|thearf (<OE)
 +
|thearf (<OE) Needtharf, Needtharfness (<OE)
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''necklace'''
  
|'''necklace'''
Line 194: Line 228:
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
 
| -
  
| -
−
|honeyor, heaven's broth
 +
|honeyor, heaven's broth, wortsweet, bee wine, honey-dew.
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''negate'''
  
|'''negate'''
Line 203: Line 237:
 
|'''negative'''
  
|'''negative'''
 
|''adj''
  
|''adj''
−
| naysaying, untoward
 +
| naysaying, untoward, Neysome (''William Barnes)''
  +
|''mathematics'': undernaught
−
|unsay, naysome, undeed
 +
unsay, naysome, undeed
  +
  +
Witherwise, Withwise, Asakesome
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''neglect'''
  
|'''neglect'''
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|''vb''
  
|''vb''
 
| forget, overlook, slight, slur over
  
| forget, overlook, slight, slur over
−
|mar, foryeme (<OE forgyman), overgum (<OE ofergumian)
 +
|mar, foryeme (<OE forgyman), overgum (<OE ofergumian), Forheed (<OE) Forhow(e) (<OE) Forsit (<OE) Foryeam (<OE)
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''negligent'''
  
|'''negligent'''
Line 241: Line 278:
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
 
| -
  
| -
−
|New Stone Eld
+
|New Stone Eld
  +
|-
  +
|'''neon'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
  +
|newstuff
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''neophyte'''
  
|'''neophyte'''
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|mettle, boldness, doughtiness, guts, fastness, fearlessness, firmness, pith, pluck, steadiness, steel, heart, will,sinew
  
|mettle, boldness, doughtiness, guts, fastness, fearlessness, firmness, pith, pluck, steadiness, steel, heart, will,sinew
 
|''concrete n:'' ader (<OE ædre)
  
|''concrete n:'' ader (<OE ædre)
  +
Feelingsinew
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nervous(ness)'''
  
|'''nervous(ness)'''
 
|''adj / n''
  
|''adj / n''
−
|edgy, keyed-up, high strung
 +
|edgy, keyed-up, high strung, on edge
 
|
  
|
 
-sinewsome, sinewly
  
-sinewsome, sinewly
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|''adj''
  
|''adj''
 
|unsided, sideless, middlish, in-between
  
|unsided, sideless, middlish, in-between
  +
| naughtly
⚫
| -
  
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''neutrality'''
  
|'''neutrality'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
 
|unsidedness,  fair-mindedness, evenhandedness
  
|unsidedness,  fair-mindedness, evenhandedness
  +
| naughtliness
−
| middleness
 +
middleness
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''neutrino'''
  
|'''neutrino'''
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|'''newspaper'''
  
|'''newspaper'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
−
|tiding(s)
+
|tiding(s)
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|'''nice'''
  +
|''adj''
  +
|kind
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
  +
|-
  +
|'''Nickelodeon'''
  +
|''n''
 
|
  
|
  +
|Nickelshowbox ({{Over|Roufrithsoned Engliſh|McGerveyan English}}: Nickelſhowbox)
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''niche'''
  
|'''niche'''
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|''n''
  
|''n''
 
| -
  
| -
−
|loftmote
 +
|stickstuff (<G ''stickstoff''), loftmote
  +
|-
  +
|'''Nizhny Novgorod'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|
  +
|Nether Newton
  +
|-
  +
|'''Nil satis nisi optimum'''
  +
|''pvb''
  +
|Nothing but the best is good enough
  +
|
  +
|-
  +
|'''nobility'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|
  +
|atheldom (cf. Du. adeldom)
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''noble'''
  
|'''noble'''
 
|''n/adj''
  
|''n/adj''
  ⚫
|highbred; ''best kind:'' gilt-edged
⚫
|
  
⚫
highbred; ''best kind:'' gilt-edged
  
 
|athel (<ME aethel, <OE æþele)
  
|athel (<ME aethel, <OE æþele)
 
|-
  
|-
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|nightly, night-time, night-life
  
|nightly, night-time, night-life
 
| -
  
| -
  +
|-
  +
|'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnal_(instrument) nocturnal]'''
  +
''(instrument)''
  +
|''n''
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
  +
|nightstound (<ME [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stound#Middle_English stound])
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nocturne'''
  
|'''nocturne'''
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|''n''
  
|''n''
 
|din, clattering
  
|din, clattering
−
|low (<OE hlowan 'low, bellow, roar')
 +
|low (<OE hlowan 'low, bellow, roar'), Ream, Leither, Woom (all < OE)
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''noisy'''
  
|'''noisy'''
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|beingless
  
|beingless
 
| -
  
| -
  +
|-
  +
|'''non-verbal'''
  +
|''adj''
  +
|wordless, speechless
  +
|
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nonsense'''
  
|'''nonsense'''
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|'''noon (through Latin)'''
  
|'''noon (through Latin)'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
−
|midday
+
|midday
 
|<nowiki>- </nowiki>
  
|<nowiki>- </nowiki>
 
|-
  
|-
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|''n''
  
|''n''
 
| -
  
| -
−
|yesterlove, yoresickness
 +
|yesterlove, yoresickness, yesteryearn, yesterlong
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''notable'''
  
|'''notable'''
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|'''noun'''
  
|'''noun'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
  +
|nameword, headword (do not confuse with the non-grammatical definiton)
−
|nameword
  
 
| -
  
| -
 
|-
  
|-
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|wedworthy
  
|wedworthy
 
| -wedsome
  
| -wedsome
  +
|-
  +
|'''nuclear bomb'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
  +
|kernelblaster
  +
|-
  +
|'''nuclear reactor'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
  +
|kerneloven (cf. Ic. kjarnaofn), kernelkiln
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nuclear weapon'''
  
|'''nuclear weapon'''
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|''n''
  
|''n''
 
|kernel
  
|kernel
  +
| kernling
⚫
| -
  
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nugget'''
  
|'''nugget'''
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|hindering, besetter, harrier, hounder, gadfly
  
|hindering, besetter, harrier, hounder, gadfly
 
| -
  
| -
  +
|-
  +
|'''null'''
  +
|''adj''
  +
|naught
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nullify'''
  
|'''nullify'''
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|'''number'''
  
|'''number'''
 
|''n''
  
|''n''
−
|rime, scoring
 +
|rime, scoring, reckoning
−
|[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tale#English tale] (<OE talu, cf. NHG zahl, Du. tal, Dan. tal)<br />rimetale (<OE rimtæl)
 +
|[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tale#English tale] (<OE talu, cf. NHG zahl, Du. tal, Dan. tal)<br />rimetale (<OE rimtæl) rime (<OE), Itale (<OE)
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''number'''
  
|'''number'''
 
|''vb''
  
|''vb''
−
|mark
 +
|mark, reckon
−
|rim, tell (up)
 +
|tell (up), Itell
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''numerator'''
  
|'''numerator'''
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|''n''
  
|''n''
 
| -
  
| -
−
|kindergrove, 
 +
|kindergrove,
  +
childeryard (NHG kindergarten) 
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nurture'''
  
|'''nurture'''
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|breed, rear, foster, bring up
  
|breed, rear, foster, bring up
 
| -
  
| -
  +
|-
  +
|'''nutritional value'''
  +
|''n''
  +
|wholesome worth, healthful worth
  +
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
 
|-
  
|-
 
|'''nutritious'''
  
|'''nutritious'''

Revision as of 10:23, 22 January 2020

Staff N of the English Wordbook.

Basic abbreviations:

  • OE = Old English
  • ME = Middle English
  • SC = Scots
  • WF = West Frish
  • NF = North Frish
  • SF = Saterlandish Frish
  • WLG = West Low Theech
  • ELG = East Low Theech
  • NL = Netherlandish
  • NHG = New High Theech
  • IC = Icelandish
  • HIC = High Icelandish
  • NO = Nornish
  • SW = Swedish
  • DN = Danish
  • MLG = Middle Low Theech
  • MNL = Middle Netherlandish
  • MHG = Middle High Theech
  • OF = Old Frish
  • OS = Old Saxish
  • OHG = Old High Theech
  • ON = Old Norse
  • GO = Gottish
  • PWG = Or-West-Theedish
  • PG = Or-Theedish

For a full list of etymological and other abbreviations used in these wordlists, see: Offshortenings.


A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


Chancery English Class Anglish/English
Attested Unattested
nadir n depths, bottom, trough -
naive adj craftless; self-taught liefsome (<OE geleafsum) 
nano-technology n smart dust kernel wield
narcolepsy n sleepsickness -
narcotic n/adj

dope

benumbing, deadening

-
narrate vb yarn, tell kithe (<OE cýðan), foretell
narration n telling
narrative n tale, yarn kithing, backtale, foretelling (cf. Du. vertellen)
nasal adj nosely -
nasal bone n - nosely bone
natatorium n swimming pool, pool sundhall ("sund" from OE, meaning "ability to swim, act of swimming"),
nation n folk, stock theed/thede (<OE þeod), leedship (<OE léodscipe, from lede), theid, landleed, kinrike (<OE), folk, folkstead (<OE), folkship (<OE) folcscipe), Leedred (<OE)
national adj theedish
nationalism n flag-waving haletheeding, ethelhood, theedholdness (<OE theodenhold)
native n towner, townie erd-folk, arlander (OE or 'origin'), lander (<OE), landman (<OE), landfolk (<OE,[natives]), inlander, Akenningly, Landish, Inlandish, Leedly
native adj homely, built in, inborn, inbred, ownborn homelike, home-ish, erd-folkish, arland, true-born, true-grown, inland
natural adj

clay, self

grouping: feather, ilk, kind

kindly (<OE cyndelic)

quithenly (<OE cwiðenlic)

lundish (cf. ME lund; ON lund)

selfgoing

Ikind (<OE)

natural logarithm n - infold (for e); inroot (for ln) (synthesised from meaning)
natural selection n drain of life -
naturally n smoothly, flowingly
nature n clay, self; wilderness; greenworld; the wild; lik, kind; being, soul; world lund, lind (<ME lund from Old Norse lundr); umworld (cf. NHG Umwelt)
naturism n - barelife
naturists n barefolk -
nausea n sickness, loathing, wlate the shifts (calque), snoffy
nauseous n sickening, loathsome, waltsome
navigate vb guide, sail, steer, helm lode
navigation n watercraft
navy adj/n fleet, shipfyrd fleethood
Neanderthal n - Newmandale (calque of Gk nea + Gk andra + NHG thal)
nebula n - starcloud, heavenly cloud
necessary adj needful, needed

daven (<OE dafen), needsakely (cf. Du. noodzakelijk )   

necessitate vb need, behoove (att'd in impersonal sense) -
necessity n need thearf (<OE) Needtharf, Needtharfness (<OE)
necklace n -neckband meen
necro- pref dead-, death- lich-
necrology n - gravelore, deadlore, lichlore
necromancy n witchcraft lichcalling, deathcalling, lichcraft
necrophage n - licheater, deadeater
necrophagy n - licheating, deadeating
necrophilia n - lichlust, deadlust
nectar n - honeyor, heaven's broth, wortsweet, bee wine, honey-dew.
negate vb gainsay unsay, withersay, undo, forno (cf. NHG verneinen)
negative adj naysaying, untoward, Neysome (William Barnes) mathematics: undernaught

unsay, naysome, undeed

Witherwise, Withwise, Asakesome

neglect n seediness -
neglect vb forget, overlook, slight, slur over mar, foryeme (<OE forgyman), overgum (<OE ofergumian), Forheed (<OE) Forhow(e) (<OE) Forsit (<OE) Foryeam (<OE)
negligent vb heedless, reckless -
negotiate vb moot, chaffer, haggle formeal (<OE formǽlan)

forhandle (calque)

negro n/adj black, swart, swarthy blackman, blackskin
neocortex n - brain bark
Neolithic n - New Stone Eld
neon n - newstuff
neophyte n greenhorn, incomer, settler, newcomer callower
nepenthe n - unmourner
nephew n neve sibson
nerve n mettle, boldness, doughtiness, guts, fastness, fearlessness, firmness, pith, pluck, steadiness, steel, heart, will,sinew concrete n: ader (<OE ædre)

Feelingsinew

nervous(ness) adj / n edgy, keyed-up, high strung, on edge

-sinewsome, sinewly

n: edginess, sinewlith, sinewsomeness

neurose n - sinewsweet
neurotransmitter n - sinew sender
neutral adj unsided, sideless, middlish, in-between naughtly
neutrality n unsidedness,  fair-mindedness, evenhandedness naughtliness

middleness

neutrino n neitherling
neutron n - neitherbit, evenmote
newspaper n tiding(s)
nice adj kind -
Nickelodeon n Nickelshowbox (Roufrithsoned Engliſh: Nickelſhowbox)
niche n nook -
niece n nift neven (<OE nefene, cf. vixen)
Niflheim n Mistworld Nevilworld
nihilism n - wearning (<OE wiernan 'deny, reject')
Níðhöggr n - Nithehewer
nitrogen n - stickstuff (<G stickstoff), loftmote
Nizhny Novgorod n Nether Newton
Nil satis nisi optimum pvb Nothing but the best is good enough
nobility n atheldom (cf. Du. adeldom)
noble n/adj highbred; best kind: gilt-edged athel (<ME aethel, <OE æþele)
nocturnal adj nightly, night-time, night-life -
nocturnal

(instrument)

n - nightstound (<ME stound)
nocturne n - night-swey
noise n din, clattering low (<OE hlowan 'low, bellow, roar'), Ream, Leither, Woom (all < OE)
noisy adj loud dinsome
nolens volens adv willy-nilly -
nominative (case) n - beckoningly, whofall (cf. NHG Werfall), namefall (cf. Ic. nefnifall)
nominate vb call; name clepe
non- pref un-, -less, not -
non obstante n -notwithstanding rightening
non-existent adj beingless -
non-verbal adj wordless, speechless
nonsense n rubbish, twaddle, humbug, gammon unwit
noon (through Latin) n midday -
noose n - hangknot
norm n rightline -
normal adj right mean
nostalgia n - yesterlove, yoresickness, yesteryearn, yesterlong
notable adj bright, outstanding, star breme (<OE breme)
notch n/vb slit, groove, kerf (n.), carve (vb.) -
notary public n - logbookande (cf. Ic. lögbókandi)
note n - log (Norse lág)
note, of (famous) adj - namecouth (<OE namcuþ)
notice vb heed (take heed)

heed: beaughten (NHG. beachten)

from be- + aught + -en (see aught)

remark: Bemark (NHG. Bemerken) 

yeme

noticeable adj striking yemebere, heedsome
noting vb heeding yeming
noun n nameword, headword (do not confuse with the non-grammatical definiton) -
nourish vb feed, fodder -
novel n talebook -
novelty n newness, newth -
November n - Fogmonth, Bloodmonth
novice n newling, beginner, fledgeling, newcomer, freshman, greenhorn callower
nubile adj wedworthy -wedsome
nuclear bomb n - kernelblaster
nuclear reactor n - kerneloven (cf. Ic. kjarnaofn), kernelkiln
nuclear weapon n - kernelweapon
nucleon n - pithmote
nucleus n kernel kernling
nugget n - lumpling

nugling (nug (of unknown origin) + ling)

nuisance n hindering, besetter, harrier, hounder, gadfly -
null adj naught -
nullify vb naughten, override -
number n rime, scoring, reckoning tale (<OE talu, cf. NHG zahl, Du. tal, Dan. tal)
rimetale (<OE rimtæl) rime (<OE), Itale (<OE)
number vb mark, reckon tell (up), Itell
numerator n - teller (calque)
numerological adj - rimlore-, rimlorish
numerous adj many -
nurse vb care; breastfeed, suckle -
nurse n carer, caregiver berg-maid, ward sister

child-foster (<OE cildfóstre) sicksister (Nw. sykesøster)

nursery n - kindergrove,

childeryard (NHG kindergarten) 

nurture vb breed, rear, foster, bring up -
nutritional value n wholesome worth, healthful worth -
nutritious adj feeding, healthful, wholesome -
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