English Wordbook/P

Staff P of the English Wordbook.

Basic abbreviations:

• OE = Old English
• ME = Middle English
• PG = Or-theedish
• SC = Scots
• SW = Swedish
• Dan. = Danish
• ON = Old Norse
• OS = Old Saxon
• NHG = New Hightheech
• IC = Icelandish
• H.IC = High Icelandish
• Du. = Netherlandish
• Fris. = Freesish

For a full list of etymological and other abbreviations used in these wordlists, see: Offshortenings.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Chancery English	Class	Anglish/English
		Attested	Unattested
pabulum	n	fodder, food of thought	-
pace	vb/n	speed; step, walk, stride, tread	skeeth (cf Ic. skeið)
pacifier	n	soother	-
pacifist	n	dove	frithweaver, unfighter
package	n	wrapping	-
paddle	n	oar	-
pagan	n	heathen	-
paganism	n	heathendom	-
page	n	side, sheet, leaf; knave, boy, helper, thane	trammet (<OE tramet), leafside servant: theen
pacify	vb	allay	smolten, befrith
pain	n	smart(ing), soreness, acheness, sorrow, care, teen(e) (obsolete), warch/wark (obsolete; k-form may be due to influence from Norse), woe	-
painful	adj	acheful, nasty, sore, harsh, harrowing, smarting	-
paint	n	dye	farb (<OE færbu)
paint	vb	mete (obsolete, but in the OED), dye, stroke	fay (<OE fǽgan), mete/meet (<OE (ámétan), meal (<OE mǽlan)
painting	n	meting (obsolete)	dyework, mealwork (cf. Ic. málverk)
pair	n	twain, twin, set	-
pajamas	n	-	nightclothes (cf. Ic. náttföt)
palace	n	hall	kingshouse, kingshome, kinghove (<OE cynehof), king's dwelling, sale (related to salon)
palate	n	roof of the mouth, gums’ roof	gums/goom (<OE góma')
palatine bone	n	gums’ bone	gumsbone, goombone, roofbone
pale	adj	bleach, dull, fallow, light, washed-out; ashen, doughy, mealy, wan	-
pale	n	wall, weir	-
paleo-	pfx	ere-	ur-, or-
paleography	n	old writing	orwritelore, erewritlore
paleolithic	adj	-	orstonely, orstonish
paleontology	n	-	orwightlore, erewritlore
palindrome	n	-	crabword, drowword
palisade	n	-	stakehedge, stakewall, stakework, boardwall (<OE bredweall), stavewall, stickwall
palliate	vb	whitewash, soothe	-
pallid	adj	ashen, doughy, mealy, wan, ghastly, grey, bleak, white, sickly, ill	-
palmtree	n	-	folmtree, handtree
palmary	adj	-	heriworthy
palpitate	vb	throb	-
pamphlet	n	flyer, folder, leafling	leafel
panacea	n	heal-all (not common, but in OED)	allheal (calque)
pancreas	n	-	sweet kernel
pancreas (when used as a food)	n	gut bread	-
panda bear	n	-	(greater) catbear, eastern bear, eyeshadowbear
pandemonium	n	-	hexkettle (cf. Du. heksenketel), alfiendness (calque)
panderer	n	bedbroker
panel	n	shield, screen, board	-
Pangaea	n	-	Alland (all + land; calque)
pangolin	n	-	shaledeer (calque)
panic	n	fright, elfshot	wode, wodening
panorama	n	-	allsight, umsight (see um-)
Panthalassa	n	-	Allsea (all + sea; calque), Worldsea
pants	n	breeches, britches, shorts, leggings, hosen, strides, slacks, legwear	-
pants, under-	n	undies, underwear, drawers	netherlings, underkegs
papaya	n	-	blasterapple (calque of Cuban Spanish "fruta bomba")
paper	n	leaf, sheet, looseleaf	blade ('paper' in OE (from Latin) means papyrus)
papier-mâché	n	-	sheetmash, mashed sheet
para-	suffix	over-	yond-
parable	n	likeness, byword	-
parachute	n	fallward (calque of French parachute, para (defense against) + chute (a fall)	fallshirm (cf. NHG. Fallschirm, Du. valscherm)
paraclete	n	-	forverghost (<OE forforgast)
paradise	n	heaven, the afterlife	fairyard, narxenwong (newtiding of OE neorxnawang; c.f. dark < OE deorc); blessed abode
paradisiacal	adj	heavenly	heavenlike, narxenwongly
paragraph	n	-	sidewrit (cf. para- "beside" + graph "to write")
parallel	adj	alongside; akin, matching	getherwended, withstraight
parallelogram	n	-	sides alongside; akinside
paralyzed(ysis)	adj/n	lame(ness), lamed	-
paramour	n	lover	leman
paranoia	n	great fear, maddening fear; mistrust	mad mistrust
paranoid	n	-	mad misgiver, overmistruster
paranormal	adj	witchcraft, otherwordly; nithe, nicor	nitheness; overmean
paranthesis	n	-	inputmark, sidemark
paraphrase	n/vb	-	n. edwording vb. edword
parasite	n	bloodsucker, free rider	sidefeeder (calque of Gk. parasitos, para (beside) + sitos (food)
parasitism	n	bloodsucking, freeriding	sidefeeding
parasol	n	sunshade	-
parchment	n	bookfell	-
parent	n	elder, father or mother, childrearer	kennen, akenend (OE cennend), may (OE mǣġ)
parenting	n	elderhood, childrearing, raising children/a child	-
parenthesis	n	-	breeches
parents	n	elders, folks	kennen; akennends, akends (OE cennend), mays (OE mǣġas)
par excellence	n	better than others, best of its kind	by outstandingness (calque)
pariah	n	outcast, castoff, black sheep	-
parietal bone	n	-	skullwall
parish	n	-	bedeshire
park	n	-	ersh (<OE ersc), parrock, eddish (not exact: yard, field), deertown (<OE déortún)
parliament	n	witenmoot (bygone word from OE)	folkthing (cf. Dan. Folketinget), stourthing (cf. Nor. Storting), lawthing (cf. SW Lagting), allthing (cf. IC Althing), ledeward, lawmoot, landmoot (there were shire moots, so this is the whole land), rikesday (cf. NHG Reichstag, SW Riksdagen), rikesrede (cf. NHG Reichsrat), forsamening (cf. NHG versammlung), rikesforsamening (cf. NHG reichsversammlung)
parrot	n	-	bleefowl
parsimonious	adj	mean, stinting, tightfisted	flint-skinning
parsley	n	-	crispleaf
part	n	deal, share, bit	-
part	vb	split, break, sunder	-
partake	vb	have, take with	bytake, dealnim, thie (<OE þicgan; c.f. lie < licgan, buy < bycgan)
partial	n	some	bent (on), slanted (toward)
participate	vb	join in, do with, leap in	dealnim (<OE dælniman)
participation	n	-	dealnimhood, dealnimness in the Eucharist: mansomeness (<OEġemænsumnes)
participant	n	-	join in, dealnimmer
participle	n	-	dealnimmand (<OE dælnimand); bitling.
particle	n	mote, bit, crumb, mite, nip, shed; fleck, flyspeck, snip	grammar: worldling
particularly	adv	namely, above all, all the more, at length, ever so, in the main, more than ever	hure (<OE huru), sunderly
partition	n	wall, wough	-
partner	vb/n	mate	in crime: wisithe (<OE wīġesīþ)
parturition	n	childbirth, birthing	-
party	n	gathering, fungathering, merrymaking, bash	-
parvenu	n	upstart	-
pascal	adj	-	tholing
pass	vb	overtake, overstep, hand over, give	undergo (cf. NHG untergehen)
passage	n	path, way, pathway, footway, footpath	extract: plucking, throughgang (cf. NHG Durchgang)
passage of time	n	flow of time	timeflow
passenger	n	faregoer	faregest (cf. NHG Fahrgast), byfarer
passion	n	love	love-fire, feel-fire, lithenship (< NHG Leidenschaft)
Passion (Christianity)	n	-	Lithen (< NHG Leiden), Lithe
passive	adj	idle	throwendly (<OE þrowiendlic)
Passover	n	-	Easter
passport	n	-	wayleave, fareford, trekford
past	n/adj	bygone(s), forgone, former, last, erstwhile	forthwist (<OE forðgewitan), forganghood (<NHG vergangenheit), forgonehood/forgoneness, foretide (cf. IC fortíð), foreby (cf NHG. vorebei) bygonehood (calque of NHG 'Vergangenheit')
pasta	n	noodle, starch	starchfood
pasture	n	grassland, lea, meadow, field	leasow
patella	n	kneecap	-
paternal	adj	fatherly	-
Paternoster	n	Our Father	Lord's Bead
Patisserie	n	-	sugarbakery (German: Zuckerbäckerei, Swedish: sockerbageri, thus sugarbaker (German:Zuckerbäcker) for both pastry chef and confectioner as per German)
pathetic	adj	rueful, ruthful, sad	-
pathos	n	sadness	-
patience	n	forbearing(ness)	thild (<OE geþyld), moodthwearness (<OE módþwǽrnes)
patient	n	-	sickling (cf. IC sjúklingur). thildy (<OE ġeþyldiġ)
patient	adj	forbearing	thildy (<OE þyld, cf. NHG geduldig); bide-willing.
patria	n	homeland, fatherland, motherland	-
patriarch	n	elder, eldfather	highfather (<OE hēahfæder)
patriarchy	n	-	fatherwield
patrician	n	-	highholder (<OE héahealdor)
patricide	n	-	fatherslaughter, fathermurder
patrimony	n	fathersland	-
patriotic	n	home-loving	landtrothen, fatherlandish (calque)
patriotism	n	home-love, flag-waving (pejorative)	landtrothenness, fatherlandloving, motherlandtrothness
patron	n	backer, bestower	-
patronage	n	business, trade	-
patronym	n		fathername (calque)
pattern	n	cut, doing, doings, folkway, goings-on, layout, outline,setting, shape, set-up, warp & woof, way, ways, weave, web, yardstick	model: forelay (<NHG. Vorlage)
pause	n	break, let-up	-
paucity	n	lack, fewness	-
pavement	n	sidewalk, footpath, walkway	-
pay	vb	yield, buy (it), deal (out), set back (rearranging word order)	betale (cf. NHG bezahlen, Du. betalen)
payment	n	fee	betaling (cf. Du. betaling, NHG Bezahlung), scot
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)	n	handheld, handtop	handheld reckoner, handtop reckoner
peace	n	frith, bliss, rest, restfulness	sib (<OE sibbe), grith (<OE griþ)
peace	vb	afrith	-
peaceful	adj	dovish, restful	frithsome (<OE friþsum and akin to NHG. firedsam, Du vreedzaam), grithful (grith + ful)
peach	n	-	perseapple (ancient Greek calque)
peal	vb	ring, toll	-
peanut (OE from Latin)	n	earthnut, groundnut	-
pearl	n	-	seahurst, merhurst (<OE meregrot 'sea particle', <OE hyrst 'gem'), sandhurst
peasant	n	churl, boor, yeoman, husbandman, landman	-
peasant farmer	n	-	bour (<OE būr) pl: bours (<OE būras), cf. neighbour
peculation	n	thefting	-
peculiar	adj	freak, unwonted, own	markingly (cf. Nw. merkelig)
pedagogue	n	teacher	-
pedal	n	treadle, footkey, foot board, foot trigger	-
pedal	adj	foot(ed)	-
pedantic	n/adj	inkhorn(y), know-it-all, nitpicking, teachy, boorish n: dryasdust	-
pedestal	n	-	footstone (<OE fótstán)
pedestrian	n	walker	footman, footfarer, footgoer, footganger
pedophile	n	-	childluster
pedometer	n	-	walking-wheel
pedophilia	n	-	childlust
peel	n	husk, rind, shell, skin, strip	-
peel	vb	rend, skin, shell, tear, pull off, slough off, strip	-
peep	vb/n	cast, eye; slang: gander	-
pegasus	n	-	winged horse
pejorative	adj	slighting, belittling, down-putting	-
pelican	n	-	wanfoot, stone-yeller, dive-dipper dive-dapper/dive-dopper/ dive-dipper (<OE dūfedoppa; the first element is related to the verb "dive", not the noun "dove"; see OED entries "dive-dap|dive-dop" and "dive-dapper"). Wanfoot (dark foot). Stone-yeller: ( a bird whose cry is heard amongst the rocks)
pellucid	adj	unclouded	-
pelt	n	fell, hide	-
pen	n	marker, writing tool, writing needle, writing shaft	writler, writingfeather, writingiron, (< OE wrítung-ísen), writsax (<OE writ-seax), reed, quill (uncertain origin)
penance	n	bote	- sinbote
penchant	n	leaning, fondness	-
pencil	n	stick	leadstick, graystick, writingstick
penetrate	vb	breach, stab, thrill, bore	-
peninsula	n	neck of land; arm, foreland, headland, ness, spit, half-iland (German:halbinsel)	shankdom (as the boot of Italy)
pentagon	n	-	fiveside, fivenook, fivedge
Pentecost	n	Whitsunday	-
penultimate	adj	last-but-one, next-to-last, forelast	-
penis	n	pizzle, weapon (<OE wæpn), dick/cock (both slang; both vulgar), pintle, tarse (both <OE), yard, shaft (slang), manhood (slang)	brine hose (slang), bockler (Old Norse "bqllr")
penitence	n	rueness (<OE hreonisse), ruefulness, ruth	gild
penurious	adj	stingy	-
people	n	folk; throng (group of people)	lede (<OE lēod, cf. NHG Leute, cf. Du. lieden)
pepperoni	n	-	croudedswineflesh
perceive	vb	wit; see, grasp, behold, smell, smack, fang, witness, make out, understand	yeme, onget, bemark (cf. NHG./Du. bemerken), upmark (cf. Du. opmerken)
percent	n	-	hundredth(s), hundredshluti (Icelandic:hundraðshluti)
percentage	n	-	hundredmeal
perception	n	insight, grip, hold	yeming, onget, undergetting, understanding, truetake, soothtake
percolate	vb	leach	-
perdition	vb	forelornness	forweird (<ME forwī̆rd)
peregrine falcon	n	duck hawk	duckhawk, wanderfalk (cf. Dn. vandrefalk, NHG. Wanderfalke)
perfect	adj	flawless; all-out, blank, blooming, clean, sheer, flat-out; well done, all done, done throug, yare	bild-board, swotel, fulmade (cf. Du. volmaakt), yare (<OE ġearu)
perfect	vb	hone, fulcome	fulmake (cf. Du vomaken)
perfidious	adj	forsworn; untrue, untrustworthy, trothless	-
perforate	vb	awl, riddle, thrill, stick, thirl/thurl (< OE thyrel, now obsolete or dialectal), drill	-
perform	vb	do forth, do, behave, work, play, show	uptread (theatrical; cf. Du. optreden), theen (<OE ġeþēon)
perfume	n	-	duft, cride, athelstench (<OE æðelstenċ), wortbreath (<OE wyrtbrǣþ), ilmwater (Icelandic:Ilmvatn)
perfunctory	adj	halfhearted, careless	-
peril	n		freck (<OE frēcen)
period (time)	n	while, timespan, time frame, spell, stint	-
period (punctuation)	n	fullstop	haltmark, stopmark, endmark
perish	vb	waste, waste away, be wrecked, dwindle, forfare, forworth, swelt (dialectal)	dwale
perjure	vb/n	forswear, lie under oath, forsworness, oathbreach, oathbreaking	-
perhaps	adv	maybe, mayhap, likely	byhaps, weenings (<OE wenunga)
perimeter	n	brim, hem, rim, skirt, edge	mireline
perineum	n	bonch	middlecrotch, middlecrook, crabwalk (slang)
period (time)	n	while, timespan, time frame, spell, stint	-
perish	adj		dreeze (<OE dreosan and <ME drēsen)
permanence	n	everlasting, abidingness, timeless, lasting, everliving, alwaysness
permanent	adj	everlasting, eche (archaic), timeless, abiding, lasting	highfast (<OE hēahfæst), foreversome
permafrost	n	-	everfrost
permission	n	leave, warrant, letting, green light, furlough	letship, thave (<OE þafian), financial: tholing tithe, lethood, letship
permit	vb/n	green-light, leave, let, go-ahead	thave (<OE þafian), thole, tithe (<OE tiðian)
pernicious	adj	baleful, baneful	-
pernio	n	chilblain	-
perpendicular	adj	athwart, straight out from, upright	-
perpetually	adj	ever, everlastingly, for ay, endlessly, unendingly, world without end	-
perpetuity, in	adv	forevermore	-
perplex	vb	bewilder, muddle, befuddle, befog	bewonder
persecute	vb	ail, hound	(<OE éhtan, ǽhtian, óhtan, éhtian, eáhtan)
persecution	n	witch hunt, hounding	-
perseverance	n	sticktoitivenesss	-
persistence	adj	steadfastness	-
persistent	adj	steadfast, dogged, bound	-
person	n	someone, fellow, man, soul, wight, bloke, being, body	lede/leed(e) (<OE lēod, cf. NHG Leute, cf. Du. lieden), mennish (cf. Du. mens; NHG Mensch) grammar: sway (<OE swég), thiute (<Goth thiuda)
personal	adj	selfly, monnly, self, own, inner, innermost, inmost, belittling, near, of oneself	mennishly, wightly (calque)
personality	n	selfhood, mood, self, who-th, ghost,	-
personnel	n	staff, men, ware	-
perspective	n	outlook, ken, wits, witness, edge of sight (point of view)	view, opinion: onsight (cf. NHG ansicht), outsight (Eng., cf. Du uitzicht, <NHG aussicht), wist (native English kin to 'view' and 'vista'), wholesight
perspicacious	adj	insightful, keen, shrewd	mindswotel
perspicacity	n	insightfulness, keenness, shrewdness	-
persuade	vb	bring, talk into, win over, sway	beswipe (<OE beswapan)
pursue	vb	follow a new path: tread, beat	forfollow (cf. NHG verfolgen, Du. vervolgen) a new path: beshrithe (cf. NHG beschreiten, see shrithe)
pertinacious	adj	headstrong, strong-willed	-
peruse	vb	look through, read through	-
pervade	vb	wade (archaic), go through, spread through, fill with	forwade (calque), yond-sprout? (<OE geondsprútan), throughthrust (<NHG durchdringen)
perverse	adj	overthwart	forchared, bewarped, thirtover, lewd, wayward, thrawn, forcouth, untoward
pervert	n	-	lewdster (Shakespeare), rakehell
pervert	vb	twist, warp, befoul	bewarp, offset, froward
pestilence	n		quild (<OE cwild)
petition	vb/n	send writ, bene, beseech, beg, ask	-
pet name	n	nickname	ekename
petrify	vb	-	stun (<OE stunian)
petroleum	n	black gold fuel: leaded, unleaded	rock-lime (calque), stonesap
petticoat	n	-	underkirtle
petulant	adj	sour, moody, waspish	-
pessimism	n	naysaying, world-weariness	-
pessimistic	adj	downbeat, hopeless, world-weary	rainy-brained
peurile	n	childish, cradle-witted	-
phantasm	n	dream; shade, shadow, wraith	-
phantom	n	ghost	-
phalanx	n	-	speerlining
pharaoh	n	king (of Egypt)	sun-king, greathouser (calque of Anc. Egy. per aa "great house")
Pharisee	n	faker, holier-than-thou, cleanest one, show player	Sunderholies (<OE 'sundor-halgan')
Pharmaceutical	n	heal-middle	läkemedel (Swedish)
Pharmacist	n
Pharmacy	n	-	lib-house, libshop (calque of 'drugstore')
Pharmacy	n	"medicinal chemistry"	-
pharynx	n	-	retch (cf. NHG Rachen), swallow (cf. Dan. svælg; Sw. svalg)
pheasant	n	-	wildhen (<OE wildhænn), woorhen (<OE wōrhana)
phenomenal	adj	outstanding, astounding	sarrow
phenomenon	n	happening, great show, good show	-
-philia	sfx	-lust	-
Philippines	n	-	Philipsland
philistine	adj	uncouth	-
philological	adj	-	speechwritlorish
philology	n	-	speechwritlore
philosophy	n	wisdom, world outlook	witlore, lorelief, wittinglove (calque)
phimosis	n	-	throttling
phlebotomy	n	bloodletting	-
phloem tube	n	-	wortrowel
-phobia	sfx	-fear	-
phobia	n	fear, misfear, fright, dread	-
phobic	adj	fearful	-
phoenix	n	-	firefowl
phone	n/vb	n: blower, dog and bone,farspeaker, handset vb: ring, tinkle	speechlore (linguistics): speechlimb, speechwhit (see whit)
phonetic	adj	-	dinly
phonological	adj	-	loudlorish, loudlore-
phonology	n	-	reardwork, reardlore, loudlore (cf. NHG Lautlehre), clanglore
phosphorescent	adj	-	lightshedding
phosphorus	n	-	glowstuff, lightstuff
photograph	n	shot; lightshot, frame, sight, showing, still	lightbilth (<IC. ljósmynd), lightwrit, lightdrawing
photography	n	lightshooting	lightbilthwrit, lightwritcraft, lightdrawingcraft
photon	n	-	lightmote, lightbit, lightgang (calque)
phrasal	adj	(grammar) bound, having many words but being one	wordstringly, quide (obs.)
phrase	n	-	wordstring, quide (obs.)
phylum	n	stem, stock, kind	-
physics	n	-	worldken
physical	adj	bodily, bodylike, wordly, earthly	lichly, lundsome
physician	n	leech	-
piano(forte)	n	-	beatharp (<IC slagharpa); keyharp
pickax	n	pike	-
picture	n	likeness, drawing, sight, frame, shot, showing, still	bilth (<OE biliþ, cf. Sw. bild, NHG Bild, Scots/Du. beeld), lightdrawing
picturesque	adj	fair	wlitty (<OE wlitig), elfsheen (<OE ælfsciene)
pie	n	bake	rindcake
piece	n	bit, snead, shtick (as in my piece/gimmick), clump piece of art/music: work	of silver: silverling (<G, the Dschinghis Khan song, Judas, specifically), steck (<OE stycce, cf. NHG Stück)
piecemeal	adv	little by little, step by step, bit by bit	bitwise
pier	n	landing, wharf, breakwater	-
pierce	vb	bore, hole; gore, spear	-
pigeon	n	dove	towndove, mean dove
pile	n	heap, hill, mound, mow (hay), swath (corn)	-
pillage	vb	sack	reave
pilgrimage	n	bead-faring
pillar	n	mast, pole, stake	-
pilot	n	lodeman, skyship boss, foreflyer, loftman	skyward
pilot whale	n	-	grindwhale (calque)
pimp	n	bedbroker	-
pimple	n	wheal	-
piñata	n	-	wonderbag (cf. NHG "wunderhüte"), sweetpot
piña colada	n	-	mashed firapple (Spanish calque)
pinch	vb	nip, squeeze, steal, scrimp, nab	-
pine	n	fir, firtree, evergreen (more general)	furrowwood (<OE furhwudu)
pineapple	n	-	firapple (cf. Ic. ganaldin)
pinecone	n	-	firtap (cf. NHG Kiefernzapfen)
pioneer	n	groundbreaker, waymaker, pathfinder	foretrecker (cf. Du. Voortrekker)
pioneering	adj	groundbreaking, waymaking	foremoving, foretrecking (<Du. Voortrekker)
pious	adj	godly	arefast (<OE arfaest)
pip	n	seed; bee's knees, day's eye	kern
pipe	n	leat, reed (in some contexts)	rear (<PG *rauza-; cf. Sw. rör, NHG Rohr; cf. "red" = NHG "rot" <PG *raudaz)
pirate	n	-	seareaver, shaythman (<OE scegthmann)
pirate captain	n	-	highseareaver, highseathief (<OE héahsæþéof)
pisiform bone	n	-	peabone, peashapebone
pistol	n	gun, gat (informal)	staff (cf. ME staf), handgun (<ME hand gunne)
piston	n	-	sucker (cf. Du. zuiger)
pity	n	shame, kindheartedness, ruth	earming (<OE earmung)
pivotal	adj	key	-
pixel	n	dot	bilthdot (cf. NHG Bildpunkt)
pizza	n	-	flatcake, clampcake
place	vb	lay, put, stow, put down	-
place	n	spot, berth	ord, stead, stow, lough (<OE lóh)
place, special	n	-	sunderstow (<OE sundorstow)
placenta	n	afterbirth	mothercake (cf. NHG Mutterkuchen, SW. moderkaka)
plagiarism	n		thought-theft, brain-steal
plagiarist	n		thought-thief, brain-stealer
plague	n	outbreak	death, folkbane, blightdom, quild-tide, manqualm, man-qualm, qualm (<OE cwealm)
plan	vb	forethink, plot, draft, hatch	howe (<OE hogian)
plan	n	layout, outline, draft, framework	howe
plank	n	board, sill	-
plankton	n	-	drifter moss
planning	n	frame, layout, shape, look, mean	howing
planet	n	wanderstar, world, (heavenly) body	tungle (<OE tungol), wanderer (calque from the Greek)
plant	n	wort	-
plant	vb	sow, besow, scatter	-
planted	adj	-	besowen
plantation	n	farmstead	wortfield, seed farm, sowing field
plasma	n	-	state of matter: stirloft (<IC rafgas) blood: bloodslime
plaster	n/vb	stickum; besmear	limecoat, cleam (<OE clǣman and <ME clēmen)
plastic	n	-	newclay, hardclay, clay-stuff, shape-stuff
plateau	n	dish; headland	flatbarrow
plate	n	dish, bowl, board, layer	-
plate of metal	n	-	clout (<OE clút), fat/fet (<OE fæt)
platform	n	deck, staddle; soapbox, flatscape	flatstand, flatstead; flatpad
platinum	n	white gold	-
platitude	n	hackneyed saying	flatness (calque)
platypus	n	watermole, duckbill, duckmole	billwight (cf. NHG schnabeltier), flatfoot (calque of Greek platypus), birdnose (calque of Greek ornithorhynchus)
pleasant	adj	blessed, darling, dreamy, good, grateful, heavenly, sweet, welcome	lief/ liefsome (Eng, calque of Ger. speech), faining, listing, quemsome (<OE gecwemsum)
please	interj	kindly, gladly, fain, if you will	bid (cf. NHG bitte), liever (from lief)
please	vb	gladden, list	queme
pleased	adj	blissful, thankful	eady, quemed
pleasing	adj	grateful, welcome	quemely (<OE cwémlic)
pleasure	n	lust, gladness	quemeness (satisfaction), itheness (<OE īeðnes)
plebiscite	n	-	folkfrain, folkcast, folksay, folkspoll, folksstevening (Du. volksstemming), folksanswer (NHG. Volksentscheid)
plectrum	n	pick	harpnail (<OE hearpenægel)
pledge	n	plight	-
pledge	vb	plight, swear, sicker	-
plentiful	adj	rife, teeming, manyful	-
plenty	adv	enough/enow, many	weal, fele (<OE fela and akin to SC fele, Du veel and NHG viel)
plethora	n	overflow	overmuchness
-plex	suf	-fold	-
pliable	adj	-	lithy (<OE liþiġ)
pliant	adj	-	lithy
plumage	n	feathers, featherware, hackles	-
plumber	n	-	leatfitter, bogfitter, johnman (slang), leadworker
plumbing	n	-	leadwork
plumbline	n	-	wall-thread (<OE weallþrǽd)
plunder	vb	-	stroud (<OE strūdian)
plunge	vb	dip, dunk, dive	-
plural	adj	morefold	manifold(ly) (<OE manigfealdlic), manisome
plus	pre	and	-
plutocracy	n	-	gelddom, goldwield
pluvial	adj	rainly	indicator: watergall
pneumatic	adj	of a woman: shapely	thringlofty
pneumonoultramicrosco-picsilicovolcanoconosis	n	-	inbreathedgroundashandsanddustsickness (inbreathed-ground-ash-and-sand-dust-sickness), flintstuffdustsickness, (poetic) dusty-lung dree
pocket	n	bag (<ON)	pough (<ME poughe, OE pohha)
poem	n	lay, yed (in OED, <OE giedd)	leeth (<OE leoð)
poet	n	scop, writer, dighter	shope (<OE scop), leethwright (<OE leoþwyrhta)
poetic	adj	-	leethly (<OE lēoþlīċ)
poetry	n	dighting	leethcraft (<OE leoðcræft), wordcraft
point	n	tip, tine, nib, score, stake, log	ord (Eng./NHG. but seldom)
point	v	token at point out sth: betoken, forewarn, make smb aware of	-
pointless	adj	-	sakeless
poison	n	bane, gall, atter (obsolete or dialectal)	atter (<OE ātor)
poisonous	adj		attery (<OE ǣttriġ)
pole (land/physics)	n	axle	-
polar (land/physics)	adj	-	axled
polar bear	n	-	ice bear (NHG Eisbär, Dan. isbjørn, Du. ijsbeer, Ic. ísbjörn, Norw. isbjørn, Swed. isbjörn, W.Fris. iisbear), white bear (Far. hvítabjørn, Ic. hvítabjörn)
polar zone	n	land of the midnight Sun	everfrost belt
pole	n	-	shot (<OE sceāt "corner, angle, nook," cognate of skaut), worldshot (<IC heimskaut)
polecat	n	-	thummart
polemic	n/adj	rant	-
police	n	law, lawmen, watchmen, coppers, warders	lawthane, warden
policy	n	-	thew (<OE þeaw), steven (<OE stefn, cf. IC stefna)
polite	adj	becoming, befitting	-
political	adj	mootish party: mootband	shirecrafty, shirecunning, rikescrafty, rikescunn, gerecky, flock (Icelandic: flokkur)
politically correct language	n	-	egg-shell speak, gereckspeak
politician	n	lawmaker	shireling, gerecker
politics	n	-	shirecraft, shirecunning, mootsmanship, kingspeak, reevedom, reevecunning, rikescraft, rikescunning, gereck (<OE gehrec "govt mngmnt")
poll	n		(survey): worthdeem
pollen	n		bloomdust, father dust
pollute	vb	foul, befoul, make dirty	smear, besnit, besmut, sootdew
pollution	n	-	soot-dew, sootdew
poltergeist	n	-	dinghost
polycephaly	n	-	manyheadedness
polygamist	n	-	maniwed
polyglot	n	-	tonguesmith, manitongue
polygon	n	-	manihern
polyhedron	n	-	manineb
polymorph	n	-	manishape
polymorphism	n	-	manishapedom
polytheism	n	-	sundertroth, sundrytroth, manytroth, sunderoath, sundryoath, manyoath, sundergodtroth, sundrygodtroth, manygodtroth, sundergodoath, sundrygodoath, manygodoath, sundergodbelief, sundrygodbelief, manygodbelief, sundergodbelieving, sundrygodbelieving, manygodbelieving, sundergodworship, sundrygodworship, manygodworship
pomegranate	n	-	cornapple (calque), seedapple (calque), seedovet (calque)
pompous	adj	showy, overbearing, high-flown, boastful	-
ponder	vb	wonder, eye, think, weigh, wrestle with	hiler, smigh
pontoon	n	card game: twenty one	sundstall
pony	n	-	horseling
pool (money)	n	pot	-
poor	adj	in need, on the breadline, wretched, ill-stared, needy, wantsome	arm (<ENG dialectal ety. 2, ME, <OE earm), armthy (see armth)
pop (music)	n	folk	folksglee
pope	n	Holy Father	Romish headrunner (runner = bishop, cf. NHG Läufer, Sw. löpare), Highfather (<OE héahfæder)
popular	adj	folksy, folkly, folkish	-
popularity	n	-	allthede-love (<IC alþýðu-lof)
populate	vb	-	befolk (cf. NHG bevölkern, Du. bevolken)
population	n	folks	population: befolking (cf. NHG bevölkerung, Du. bevolking), dwellerscore, ledescore inhabitants: inwoners (cf. NHG einwohnern, Du. inwoners), indwellers, erdeners, allfolks (allhallows)
population density	n	crowding; thickness of settling	huddlemete
populism	n	folks	folksdom, folkship, folksric, folkswield, folksreevedom, folkshire
populist	adj	folksy	-
populous	adj	crowded, teeming	folkful, folkrich (calque of German)
populus assembly	n	-	folkforsaming (calque of many germanic languages), folksgathering, folksmoot
porcelain	n	shiny earthenware	midricware (chinaware)
porch	adj	-	forehouse
porcine	n	pig, boar, hog, swine, sow, yelt	-
porcupine	n	-	quillpig
pore	n	hole, hidehole, skinhole	thirl, sweathole
pork	n	pig, swine, swineflesh, pigflesh	farrow (<OE fearh)
pornography	n	-	whoreshowing
porous	adj	holey, seepsome	siftful, thirl (<OE thyrel)
porpoise	n	mereswine	-
porridge	n	mush, oatmeal	-
port	n	harbour, haven	ford, hythe
portable	adj	handheld	ferryworth
portmanteau	n	-	word: mingleword (cf. Du. mengwoord)
portal	n	doorway, door, gate, gateway	rother (<OE rodor)
portend	vb	bode, by-sen, forerun, ill-bode, foreshadow, forewarn	-
portent	n	-	foretoken, boding
portentous	adj	doomy, foreboding, ill-boding, threatening, awesome, stunning, wonderful	-
portion	n	deal, lot, share, dole	-
portrait	n	likeness (of)	bilth, mealing
position	n	berth	steadholding
positive (aspect)	n	upside	-
positive	adj	-	mathematics: overnaught
possess	vb	own, owe; devilsicken, bewitch, take, take over	-
possessed	adj	devilsick, fiendsick, owned, ought, owed, own, giddy, bewitched, deviltaken, deviled (Sir John Cheke)	-
possession	n	ownership, belonging, ought, aught	ownedness, havings
possibility	n	likelihood, likeliness	mailihood, mightliness, maybehood, acendliness (<OE ácendlicnes), acumendliness (<OE ácumendlicnes)
possible	adj	likely	maily, maybesome, doughtbefall, dowedbefall, hapsome, mightsome, within reach, acumendly (<OE ácumendlic)
possibly	adv	maybe, likely, likelily	maily
post-	pref	after-	-
posterior	n	rump, back(side)	-
posteriority	n	afterness	-
posterity	n	children, offspring, seed, hinderhood	-
postexistence	n	afterlife, afterbeing, the beyond, the great beyond, the next world, other world, the great unknown	-
posthuman	n	-	afterwere, gearwere, beyond mankind
posthumanism	n	-	afterweredom, gearweredom
postpone	vb	forestall, put off, call off	forshove (for- "away" + shove, cf. NHG verschieben), forslow
post script (p.s.)	n	afterthought	afterword, afterwrit (a.w.), aftertale
potassium	n	-	potash (pot-ash), potashstuff
potato	n	earthapple, spud, tater, tatty	nightshade runner ('solanum tuberosa'), shaderoot, breadroot
potential	adj	likely, maybe	maily
potential	n	strength, fitness, wherewithal	-
potentiometer	n	volt knob	-
potion	n	-	tiverdrink (cf. Du. toverdrank), lib
pouch	n	bag (<ON)	pough (<ME poughe, OE pohha) pung (<OE pung, cf. Sw., Dn. pung) cheed or ceed (<OE ceod)
poultry	n	fowl, barnyard birds, bird meat	-
pour	vb	teem, skink, shink, sie, yote	yeat; birle drink
poverty	n	need, want; dearth, drought,	hardupness (slang) wantsomeness, armth
powder	n/vb	dust, beat, crush, grind	-
power	n	grip, sway, strength, brawn, might, mains, craft	thrith (<OE thryth), wield/wald (<OE weald) special: sundercraft (<OE sundorcræft) supreme: douthmight (<OE duguþmiht)
power	vb	drive, feed	-
power line	n	mains line	spark rope
powerful	adj	heavy, mighty, strong	thrythswithe (<OE þrȳþswȳð)
power supply	n	mains brick	-
practical	adj	working; earthy, down-to-earth	-
practically	adv	about, all-but, fair, fairly, more or less, nearly, well-nigh	-
practice	vb/n	-	n: oving (cf. NHG Übung, Du oefening) vb: ove (<PG ōbijaną, cf. NHG üben, Du oefenen/ LG. öven)
pragmatic	adj	hardheaded, down-to-earth	-
praise	n	-	heriness (<OE herenes), hering (<OE herung), lof (<OE)
praise	vb	-	hery (<ME heryan)
pram	n	buggy	push-wainling (Barnes)
prayer	n	bead	ben, boon, beadred (<OE bedræden), forben
prayerful	adj	-	beadful
pre-	pref	fore-	-
preach	vb	-	athelbid
preacher	n	-	athelbode, heaven-reacher (slang)
preamble	n	foreword, inleading, forespell	-
precaution	n	forecare	-
precede	vb	herald, forerun	-
preceding	adj	before-time, fore-time	-
precinct	n	space: pen pedestrian zone: walkway	-
precipitation	n	rainfall, snowfall, downsheet, breefall	downsheet
precious	adj	dear, dearworth, dearworthly	-
preciousness	n	dearworthiness	-
precise	adj	-	-
precisely	adv	well	-
preclude	vb	forestall, foreclose	-
precocious	adj	ahead	rathe-ripe, rathish
precognition	n	foreknowledge, foreboding	-
precursor	n	forerunner, before-runner, forebear	-
predator	n	hunter (in some contexts)	reavedeer (cf NHG. Raubtier, Du. roofdier), flesheater
predecessor	n	forerunner, forebear, forefather	foreling, before-comer
predestination	n	wyrd/weird, doom, foredooming	weird, coring, foreteeing (<OE foreteohhung)
predetermine	vb	foredoom, forechoose	-
predicament	n	swamp, sticky wicket	hardfettle
predict	vb	foretell, foresay, beeforesay, before-tell, foresee, forecast, soothsay, foreshow	-
prediction	n	foretelling, foresight, foretelling, forecast, soothsaying, foreshowing	-
predominant	adj	overweighing	-
preeminent	adj	foremost	elderdomly (<OE ealdordomlice)
preexistence	n	aforeness, beforeness, forebeing	-
prefabricated	adj	ready-made, ready-built, forewrought	fore-timbered (houses)
preface	n	foreword	throughlook(ing) (<OE þurhlōcung)
prefect	n	-	fyrdenhighshireman
prefer	vb	forechoose, (would) rather, wouldsooner, fain	beliken
preferable	adj	-	liever, as lief (Eng. NHG. lieber, Du. liever)
preference	n	forechoice	beliking, forechoosing
prefigure	vb	foreshadow, foreshow	-
prefix	n	-	forefastening
pregnant	adj	with child, heavy (with child)	bearing, swanger (<OE swangor)
prehistoric	adj	-	yesteryorely
prehistory	n	-	yesteryore study: forewritlore
prejudice(al)	n/adj	foredeem(ing)	-
prejudge	vb	foredeem	-
prelude	n	foreword, warm-up, before-runner	forspell
premature	adj	untimely, unripe, early, betimes (literary)	foreripe
prematurely	adv	beforehand, oversoon	-
premeditated	adj	forethought	-
premier	adj	foremost, first	-
premise	n	given, forestep, if; toft (building site')	forehedging
premonition	n	forefeeling, foreboding	-
preoccupy	vb	-	forebusy
preparation	n	gearing up, reening, readying, foregearing
prepare	vb	taw, fit, fix, groom, lay, ready; draft, draw up, frame; lay out, foreready, forework	reen (<OE renian)
prepared	adj	ready, tawed, neat, foreworked, forereadied	-
prepreparedness	n	alreadiness
preposition	n	-	foreput, foresetness (< Ælfric's OE calque 'foresetnes')
prequel	n	-	forefollow, forebook, foresaga
prerequisite	n	-	foreneed
prerogative	n/adj	-	sundergift, sundergifted, sundergiftedness
prescience	n	foreknowledge; farsightedness, oresightedness, forethought	forewisdom
prescient	adj	foreknowing, farseeing, farsighted, forehanded, foreseeing, forethoughtful, forward	-
prescribe	vb	lay down	forewrite
presence	n	sight; look, outside	at-ness, theresomeness, onbe-hood, onbe-hood, theresomeness
present	adj	in, ongoing, nowaday, today's, now's, nowadays', running, nowen	onbe-ish, andward (<OE andweard), gainward (cf. NHG gegenwart), nowa, onbeing, herebeing, forebeing
present	n	here and now, today, gift, handsel	nowtide, nowtime, nonce, time being, now, grammar: andward (<OE andweard). mathom (<OE maþm)
present	vb	show; give, bestow, furnish, put forth, set forth, bring forth	foredraw (calque of all Ger. speeches), forthset, forthput, overreach (cf. Ger. überreichnen) submit: forelay (cf. NHG vorlegen)
Presentation of the Lord	n	Candlemas	-
presentiment	n	forefeeling	-
preserve	vb	forlast, hain, keep, uphold, aspare
preside	vb	steward, overlook	foresit over
president	n	-	foresitter (calque), kithhead, stoolman, landleader
presidency	n	-	foresittership
presque vu	n	-	nighseen
press	vb	thring, thrutch	-
press down	vb	-	bethrutch
pressure	n	-	thringmight, thrutch (<OE þryċċan and akin to NHG drücken)
prestige	n	standing, swey, weight	-
presume	vb	foreguess, daresay	athrist (<OE áthristian)
presumably	adv	likely, seemingly	-
presumptuous	adj	uppity, overweening, daring	-
presuppose	vb	-	forettle, forise (<OErǣswian)
pretend	vb	do as if, play as if, sham, put on, fake	bebraid (< OE bebregdan), braid (< OE gebregdan), hue (< OE hiwian), let (<OE lætan), fordo, formake
pretender	n	would-be, fake, faker	-
pretend friend	n	back-friend	-
pretense	n	put-on, show; high horse	-
pretentious	adj	showy, over the top, kitsch	-
prevail	vb	hold up, keep up, last	throughswithe (<OE þurhswiðan)
prevalent	adj	rife	-
prevent	vb	hinder, forcome, forbid, forestop, forestall, forehinder	let (<OE), forstand
preview	vb/n	forelook, forepeek, foreshow, foreshowing	-
previous	adj	former, last, latter, foregoing, earlier, yester, back-a-long	-
previously	adv	afore, already, before, beforehand, earlier, formerly	-
prey	n	(the) hunted (in some contexts)	feng (<OE)
price	n	outlay, worth
pride	n	orgul (archaic)	unmoodness (<OE unmōdnes), highmoodness (<OE hēahmōdnes), stolt
priest	n	godsmith, soul-carer, heaven-reacher, sin-buster, sin-shifter, soul-whisperer, white-choker.	gospel-shooter, hallower (Old Testament), elder, ghost-man (heathen)
prima donna	n	leading lady, first lady	bitchy woman, showy woman
primacy	n	-	foremostness, elderdom (<OE), apeness
primary	adj	foremost, first, erst, main	-
prime	adj	main, head	-
primer	n	starter	futhorc writ, firstbook
primeval	adj	hoary, olden	-
prince	n	frim, atheling, highness	high earl, kingling, furst (cf. NHG Fürst, Du. vorst), breg (<OE brego "prince; lord; ruler")
princess	n	highness	queenling, high earlin, fursten, (cf. NHG Fürstin, Du. vorstin), briggen (<OE brego + -en), edeth (<OE ides "woman of nobility")
principality	n	-	frimdom (<OE fruma), high earldom, bregdom (<OE brego + -dom)
principle	n	-	howing, eldertruth
principle	adj	main, foremost, first, head	-
print	vb	-	thutch (< OE þryccan), outlay
printing press	n	-	thrycker, thringing thryck calque
prior	adj	before(hand), earlier	-
priority	n	right-of-way	forerank, foreweight, foreness, forehood, beforeness
prism	n	block	andleamer
prison	n	clink, lockup, pound, slammer	fangness (<OE root fang (now dial. (capture) + -ness <OE) (like Dutch gevangenis or German Gefängnis), dung (<OE dung)
prisoner	n	inmate	haftling (<OE hæftling)
pristine	n	earliest, firstness, speckless, spotless	yoreness, orhood, fromfirst
private	adj	hidden, hushed, shut, asunder, set away	dern, onelepy (<OE anlipig), sunder, wightly (calque of personal)
privilege	n	right, freedom	sunderfreedom (<OE), sundergift (cf. OE sundorgiefu)
privileged	adj	gifted	-
privy	n	outhouse, backhouse	dern
pro	n	craftsman	-
probability	n	likelihood, likeliness, odds
probable	adj	likely	-
probably	adv	likely, in all likelihood, likely enough, maybe, most likely, belike	trueshinely (cf. Du. waarschijnlijk, NHG wahrscheinlich)
probe	vb	prod	-
probity	n	uprightness	-
problem	n	worry, kinch, bugbear, reck, hang-up, hitch, snag, rub, pitfall, fall, downside, drawback	-
problematic	adj	worrysome	-
procedure	n	-	forsetting (cf. Da. fortsætte, Sw. fortsätta), forfareld
proceed	vb	go forward, go forth, go on, go ahead	yede, forefare, forthfare, forthgo, shrithe (<OE sċrīþan)
proceeding	n	-	foregoing, foregang (cf. NHG Vorgang)
process	vb	-	forework, forthfaring, forfare (cf. NHG verfahren), taw
process	n	-	foregang (cf. NHG Vorgang), workway
processor	n	computer: mainframe	telcruncher, reckoner
proclivity	n	forelike, forelove	towardbend
procrastinate	vb		ebb out, ebb-out, forresten
procrastinator	n		ebber,
procreate	vb	beget, breed	-
procurator	n	-	highshireman (<OE hēahscīremann)
procure	vb	-	beshape
product	n	ware	-
prodigy	n	-	wonderchild
prodigal	adj	spareless	unbridled, feespilling
produce	vb	beget, breed, bring about, bring forth, draw on, work, yield,	forthbring
produce	n	handiwork, output, thing, work, yield, outcome	-
producing	adj	begetting, life-begetting, yielding	-
production	n	yield, output, handiwork	forthbringing
productive	adj	waresome, thrifty, yoelding	forthbear
productivity	n	output
proem	n	foreword	-
profanity	n	curse, curseword, cuss	warm words (slang)
professional	adj	skilled	-
professional	n	worker, craftsman	-
professor	n	lorespeaker, loregiver	-
profit	n	gain, boot, yield, winnings, earnings	-
profitable	adj	worthwhile	-
proficiency	n	skill	-
profound	adj	underlying, deep	-
profoundly	adv	underlyingly, deeply, groundly	-
profusely	adv phr	flow thickly, running overly, teemingly	-
profusion	n	beteeming	-
progenitor	n	begetter, elder, father, alder-father, forebear, forefather, fore-elder, forerunner	-
program	n	-	foredraught, broadcast, sending (see source code) language: draft writ
progress	n	inroads, headway	forthship (<OE forþscype), forthstride
progressive	adj	forward, late, broad-minded, cutting-edge	forblowing
prohibit	vb	forbid, forfend	-
project	n	work	howe, goalwork
projector	n	beamer	-
prokaryote	n	-	forenut, forekern (calque)
proletariat	n	churls, boors, thralls, hirelings, knaves; thralldom	churldom, boordom, knavedom
prolific	adj	fat, lush, rich	birthy, broodful, birthful
prologue	n	foretale	-
prolonged	adj	lengthened	forlonged
promiscuous	vb	bed-hop	-
promiscuous	adj	bedhopping	-
promise	n	behight, oath, troth, foreword	-
promise	vb	behight, swear; forebode	forspeak (NHG. versprechen), forhight (cf. NHG verheissen)
promontary	n	headland, foreland, ness, bill, (Portland Bill); hoe	-
promote	vb	uprear, (up)further, boost	-
prone	adj	given, open; helpless	alout (<OE áloten), forthlout (<OE forþlútan), onfally (<NHG anfällig, see onfall)
pronghorn antelope	n	-	tinedeer, outrunning tinehorner
pronoun	n	-	byname (<OE binama), forename (<OE forenama)
pronounce	vb	say	speak out, outspeak (cf. NHG aussprechen, Du. uitspreken)
pronunciation	n	-	wordway, loudcarve (<IC. hljóðkerfi), outspeaking, outspeech (cf. NHG aussprache, Du. uitspraak), how to say [it] proper/correct: rightsteven (<OE rihtstefn)
proof	n	witness	shedding, reckonedness (<OE gerecednes), bewise (cf. NHG beweisen, Sw. bevisa, others)
propel	vb	thrust, drive, drive forth	-
proper	adj	fitting, meet, seemly, right, true, echt	bedavenly (<OE gedafenlic)
proper noun	n	self-name	ownname (NHG Eigenname, Du. eigennaam)
property	n	ownings, holdings, hallmark, belongings	owndom (<NHG. eigentum) private: sunderfee (<OE sundorfeoh), landgood (Du. landgoed), aught (<OE æht)
prophesy	vb	foretell, foresee, soothsay, say sooth	spae
prophesy	n	foresight, boding, foretelling, soothsaying	spaedom, spaeing
prophet	n	seer, soothsayer, foresayer, before-sayer, before-speaker	spaesayer
propitous	adj		winsome (<OE wynsum)
proposal	n	foreset	forthput, forthputting
propose	vb	foreset, put forth, say	forthput, forthsay
propriëtor	n	householder, owner, >landlord/lady	-
propulsion	n	thrust	-
proscribe	vb	forbid	-
prosecute	v	-	forfollow (cf. Du. vervolgen, NHG. verfolgen)
prosecution	n	-	forfollowing (cf. Du. vervolging, NHG verfolgung)
proselyte	n	freshman (Sir John Cheke)	-
prosopagnosia	n	-	neb blindness
prosper	vb	thrive, thee	-
prosperity	n	theedom	forblowing (<OE blowan), ed (<OE ēad), douth or dowth (<OE duguþ)
prosperous	adj	frim (physically), lush, thriving	theely, wealth-owning, eady (<OE ēadiġ)
prostitute	vb	whore	-
prostitute	n	hooker, whore, streetwalker, hustler	-
prostrate	adj	aground	-
prostrate oneself (to)	vb	lay aground before	hien (<OE hīenan, lit. "to lie prostrate")
protagonist	n	-	headfellow (cf. Dan. hovedperson)
protarchæopteryx	n	-	foreorfowl, first orbird
protect	vb	ward, shield, forstand, beshield, frith	-
protection	n	shield, ward	lewing (<OE hleowung), mundwist (<OE mundwist)
protective	adj	-	mundly (<OE mundian), wardly, holdsome (<OE ġehealdsum)
protector	n	warden	holdand (<OE healdend)
protégé	n	ward	-
protein	n	-	eggwhite (cf. NHG Eiweiß, Du. eiwit)
protest	n/vb	witness; uproar, outcry wrangle, gainsay	- forstride
Protestant (< Lat. pro testare, “for a witness”)	adj	witnessing, faithful, gospelling; true faith; speaking out against lies	for the troth
Protestant	n	witness for Christ, faithful, gospeller, true believer; speaker against lies
proto-	pref	ere, ere-, or-, ur-	-
Proto-Germanic	n	-	eretheedish, ortheedish
proton	n	-	erebit, firstbit; watermaker
protoplasm	n	-	ereslime, orslime
protrude	vb	stick out, jut	-
protuberance	n	knob, outgrowth	-
proud	adj	haughty, showy, overbearing, self-worshipping, lofty, stout	rank (<OE ranc), stolt (<OE stolt and akin to cf. NHG stolz)
prove	vb	show, truthen, witness, settle	soothe (OE 'soþian,' ME 'sothen'), bewise (<NHG beweisen, Sw. bevisa, others)
proverb	n	byword, saying, saw, folksay(ing)	-
provide	vb	afford, feed, give, hand over	beheft
province	n	-	landshare; outland, folkshire (<OE folcscearu)
provocateur	n	-	gremer (<OE gremung)
provocation	n	-	greming (<OE gremung)
prow	n	foreship	-
prudence	n	forewit, sparefulness, wariness, wisdom,	long-thinkingness
prudent	adj	forewitting, spareful, wary, wise, long-thinking	glew (<OE glēaw)
prune	n	plum	-
pruning	n	shredding, shreading (in OED, obsolete; <OE scrēadung)	-
Prunus Spinosa	n	blackthorn, sloe	sloethorn (<OE slāhþorn)
Prussia	n	Pruceland, Leatherland
pry	vb	1. key-hole 2. uproot	-
prying	n/adj	key-holeing	-
pseudo-	n	fake, -like	lease-
psychedelic	adj	-	soulkithing, mindopening, mindrooming, soulopening (cf. Sw. "själsöppnande")
psychiatrist	n	shrink	mindhealer, crockwright, soulkithler, mindlorer
psychiatry	n	-	soulkith (cf. Du. seelkunde), mindkith
psychic	n	-	soulsman, mindsman
psychic	adj	-	soulish, mindish
psychologist	n	shrink	mindlorer, crockwright, rat-tamer
psychology	n	-	mindlore
psychopath	adj	-	mindsick, mind-ill
psychotropic/psychoactive	adj	-	mindwending
pubic bone	n	-	shamebone
pub(lic house)	n	inn, alehouse, boozer	-
public	n	-	openliness (cf. NHG Öffentlichkeit)
public	adj	open, mean	openly, folkly (calque from Latin)
public servant	adj	-	theen, onbidsman
public toilet	n	-	outhouse
publication	n	uttering	foropening (cf. NHG veröffernlichung), abaning
publish	vb	utter (lasted in New English until around 1740, when “publish” overtook it), forthset, bring out, forthsend	lay down: forlay (cf. NHG verlegen), outlay, foropen (cf. NHG veröffenlichen), aban (<OE abannan)
publisher	n	-	utterer; forlayer, forlay house (cf. NHG verlag), abaner
pulsate	vb	beat, throb	-
pulse	n	1. beat, throb 2. bean	-
pumice	n	-	foamstone
pumpkin	n	marrow	tillberry, harvestball
punch	vb	clout, hit	handstrike, fiststrike, dunch
punctuation	n	-	tokenmark, tokensetting (cf. NHG Zeichensetzung, Dan. tegnsætning)
punish	vb	wreak, smite	strafe (<NHG), witten (<OE wítnian), give back
punishment	n	wreak	wreaking, smiting, strafing (<NHG), wittening (<OE wítnung), giveback (< payback)
pup	n	whelp	-
pupil	n	of the eye: strale	-
puppet	n	cat's paw	handdoll (cf. NHG Handpuppe)
purchase	vb	buy, take	-
pure	adj	clean, sheer, white	sweetle (<OE sweotol), lutter (<OE hlūtor)
purebred	adj	thoroughbred	-
Purgatory	n	-	Sweepfire (cf. NHG Fegefeuer), Otherworld, Roufrithsoned Engliſh: Fowening
purge	vb	cleanse	furb
purify	vb	cleanse	beswotel
purple	n	-	bawse (<OE basu), fishdye (<OE fiscdēah), tiver (<OE teafor), woaden (<OE wæden), bluered (<OE blēorēod), wormred, clamhue, clam
purple dye	n	-	welktallow (<OE weoloctælg)
purple martin	n	-	bawseswallow, blueswallow
purpose	n	sake, goal	-
pursue	vb	follow, shadow, tail	-
pursuit	n	following, shadowing, tailing	woath (<OE wāþ)
purveyor	n	monger	-
pus	n	atter	-
push	vb	shove, thrust, thrutch	outarm
pusillanimous	n		weak-minded
pustule	n	pock, w(h)eal, whelk
putrefaction	n	rot(ting)	addleness
puzzle	n/vb	brainteaser, riddle	-
pygmy	n	dwarf; Tom Thumb	-
pyramid	n	-	fourflat (cf. Du. viervlak)
pyromania	n	-	firemadness
pyromaniac	n	kindler, enkindler	firesetter
pyrophobia	n	-	fireawe, firefear, firefright, baleyse (<OE bælegsa)